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Chapter 6 - Divine Kingship as Reflected in Deuterocanonical Literature

A Challenge for Jewish Thought in the Hellenistic Period

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 September 2025

Melina Tamiolaki
Affiliation:
University of Crete
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Summary

As is commonly known, both Ptolemaic and Seleucid rulers in the wake of Alexander the Great claimed divine worship. This phenomenon was also reflected in ancient Jewish literature. In the first part, this chapter aims at describing the time of Antiochus IV (175164 bc) as the historical framework in which a specific confrontation with the Hellenistic ruler ideology is evident. In the second part, the chapter uses 2 Macc 9 (‘the death of Antiochus IV’) and the Book of Judith as examples as to how selected deuterocanonical writings (e.g. 2 Maccabees and Judith) have dealt with the encounter with the Hellenic ruler cult in a narrative discourse. Both cases demonstrate God’s help and power, which becomes obvious through the cruel death of the ruler who claimed for himself divinity.

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Leadership in the Ancient World
Concepts, Models, Theories
, pp. 133 - 152
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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