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Accepted manuscript

EMUSE: Evolutionary Map of the Universe Search Engine

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2025

Nikhel Gupta*
Affiliation:
Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO, Space & Astronomy, PO Box 1130, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
Zeeshan Hayder
Affiliation:
CSIRO Data61, Black Mountain ACT 2601, Australia
Minh Huynh
Affiliation:
Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO, Space & Astronomy, PO Box 1130, Bentley WA 6102, Australia International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), M468, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Ray P. Norris
Affiliation:
Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO Space & Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
Lars Petersson
Affiliation:
CSIRO Data61, Black Mountain ACT 2601, Australia
Andrew M. Hopkins
Affiliation:
School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 12 Wally’s Walk, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
Simone Riggi
Affiliation:
INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
Bärbel S. Koribalski
Affiliation:
Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO Space & Astronomy, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia
Miroslav D. Filipović
Affiliation:
Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Nikhel Gupta, Email: Nikhel.Gupta@csiro.au.
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Abstract

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We present EMUSE (Evolutionary Map of the Universe Search Engine), a tool designed for searching specific radio sources within the extensive datasets of the EMU (Evolutionary Map of the Universe) survey, with potential applications to other Big Data challenges in astronomy. Built on a multimodal approach to radio source classification and retrieval, EMUSE fine-tunes the OpenCLIP model on curated radio galaxy datasets. Leveraging the power of foundation models, our work integrates visual and textual embeddings to enable efficient and flexible searches within large radio astronomical datasets. We fine-tune OpenCLIP using a dataset of 2,900 radio galaxies, encompassing various morphological classes, including FR-I, FR-II, FR-x, R-type, and other rare and peculiar sources. The model is optimised using adapter-based fine-tuning, ensuring computational efficiency while capturing the unique characteristics of radio sources. The fine-tuned model is then deployed in the EMUSE, allowing for seamless image and text-based queries over the EMU survey dataset. Our results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in retrieving and classifying radio sources, particularly in recognising distinct morphological features. However, challenges remain in identifying rare or previously unseen radio sources, highlighting the need for expanded datasets and continuous refinement. This study showcases the potential of multimodal machine learning in radio astronomy, paving the way for more scalable and accurate search tools in the field. The search engine is accessible at https://askap-emuse.streamlit.app/ and can be used locally by cloning the repository at https://github.com/Nikhel1/EMUSE.

Information

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Astronomical Society of Australia