Those who study the concept of representation are undoubt-edly familiar with the 1963 study by Warren Miller andDonald Stokes ("Constituency Influence in Congress," Amer-ican Political Science Review 57 [March 1963]: 45­56), whichhad a profound effect on scholars' understanding of therelationship or "congruence" between representatives andconstituents. Others (see Sidney Verba and Norman H. Nie,Participation in America: Political Democracy and SocialEquality, 1972; Heinz Eulau and Paul D. Karps, "The Puzzleof Representation: Specifying Components of Responsive-ness," in Heinz Eulau and John C. Wahlk, eds., The Politicsof Representation, 1978) have made their own distinguishedcontributions by venturing to conceptualize and measurerepresentation in an effort to further our understanding ofthe relationship between the representative and the repre-sented. In the same mode, this collection of articles contrib-utes to the study of the mass-elite relationship by providing avariety of approaches, methods, and measures to broaden theliterature.