from Part II - Magic in the 1520s and 1530s
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 May 2025
In Chapter 6, discussion is specifically presented of the African women accused of sorcery in the 1537 omnibus case. African slaves in Spain and Mexico in the 1530s came from Senegambia. Maybe these women followed in the tradition of ukine shrines or were considered Emitai dabognol, or emissaries of the supreme being. The African women in this case performed love magic for Spanish women. They also performed a type of freedom magic – spellcasting aimed at convincing their owners to set them free. A woman from Puerto Rico was also prosecuted for sorcery at this time in Mexico City and her magic may suggest linkages to Afro-Caribbean forms of sorcery. One of the women in the omnibus case was probably Maghrebi and she, and others, seemed to have had some kind of amorous or sexual relationship with her owner. These women – Senegambian, North African, Caribbean – sought to deal with the hardships of enslaved labor by employing sorcery as a tool to influence their owners to treat them better or to set them free. Nevertheless, the inquisitional court committed multiple procedural illegalities in prosecuting African women, demonstrating clear racial bias in the courtroom and in sentencing.
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