Although the McGovern-Fraser reforms opened the nomination process to ordinary voters in both parties, the democratization of the process proved to be incomplete. State laws and party rules often excluded many voters, such as independent voters in states that used a closed primary restricted only to party members. Restrictive party reenrollment rules also disabled many voters from changing parties in the weeks or months leading up to the presidential primary election, thereby preventing them from voting for the candidate they supported. Moreover, voters in some states found that they possessed less influence in the process than voters in other states. Voters in smaller states were allotted more national convention delegates (and therefore influence in the process) than their populations warranted, and, by the end of the twentieth century, it was apparent that voters in states that held their primary or caucuses early in the calendar had more influence than voters in later states.