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12 - The Architectures of Alignment: Alliances, Security Institutions, Coalitions, and Strategic Partnerships

from Part II - The Traditional Security Agenda

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 October 2025

Michael John Williams
Affiliation:
Syracuse University, New York
James Wesley Hutto
Affiliation:
School of Advanced Air and Space Studies
Asli Peker Dogra
Affiliation:
New York University
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Summary

“Alignment” is an umbrella term to describe a relationship between two or more states that involves mutual expectations of some degree of policy coordination on security issues under certain conditions in the future. The types of alignment explored in this chapter are alliances, thin and thick security institutions, coalitions, and strategic partnerships. The distinguishing features of these alignments are their differing levels of formality and the reason for their creation, or their objectives. Strategic alignments remain one of the dominant means that sovereign states possess to cooperate and coordinate their actions around common threats and political interests. States are either pulled into distrustful relations through security dilemmas or they are obliged to work together to solve common problems. Alliances, security institutions, coalitions, and strategic partnerships offer a variety of ways that states may seek to address security issues, threats, or challenges to their territories or interests.

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Type
Chapter
Information
Understanding International Security
Theory and Practice
, pp. 230 - 258
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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References

Primary Sources

Kupchan, Charles A. and Kupchan, Clifford A. (1995) “The promise of collective security,” International Security, 20 (1), pp. 52–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, Mette (2021) “What kills international organisations? When and why international organisations terminate,” European Journal of International Relations, 27 (1), pp. 281–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, Glenn H. (1984) “The security dilemma in alliance politics,” World Politics, 36 (4), pp. 461–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Secondary Sources

Haftendorn, Helga, Keohane, Robert O., and Wallander, Celeste A. (eds.) (1999) Imperfect unions: Security institutions over time and space. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofmann, Stephanie (2013) European security in NATO’s shadow: Party ideologies and institution building. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lanoszka, Alexander (2022) Military alliances in the twenty-first century. Polity.Google Scholar

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