from Part II - Synoptic Circulation and Weather Regimes
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 September 2025
Ocean wind, wave, and sea-level patterns are regional tracers of weather regimes and storm tracks. The chapter focuses on marine climatologies to interpret coastal, coral, and marine archives as climate proxies. The Southern Hemisphere ocean wind climate is explored from historical, documentary, instrumental station, and satellite data and global reanalysis data. Ocean-basin and coastal winds, coastal low-level jets, and continental shelf current climatologies are described for western Australia, Namibia–South Africa, Peru–Chile, eastern Australia, and Antarctictica. Island and archipelago wakes and the island mass effect are shown as leeward disturbances to atmospheric and surface ocean flow. Ocean wind-wave generation and wave propagation are presented, as are global and regional wave climatologies and statistics. Global processes influencing regional sea level are discussed: eustatic sea level, glacio-isostatic adjustment, sea-level fingerprints, steric sea level height, sea-surface temperature and salinity, ocean basin wind stress, and dynamic sea level, covering the shelves of Australia, southern African, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Antarctica.
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