Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 October 2025
Eating disorders are complex conditions that pose significant challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Recent updates to diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5 and ICD-11 have refined our understanding of eating disorders, underscoring the need for early intervention to improve recovery outcomes. This chapter reviews these changes and their implications for clinical practice. We explore the increasing complexity of eating disorder presentations, particularly those involving neurodevelopmental and personality disorders, which require nuanced treatment approaches. Additionally, the chapter examines the impact of social media on eating behaviours, highlighting both the negative influences and the potential benefits of online resources. The rise of digital therapies, especially in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, is discussed as a key development in expanding access to care. The chapter also addresses the evolving clinical presentation of eating disorders, noting that conditions like binge eating disorder, other specified feeding or eating disorders, and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder are now more common. To meet the needs of young people, we advocate for improved community care, public health strategies and further research into effective treatments. This chapter emphasises the urgent need to enhance recognition and support for ED across health care systems and community settings.
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