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Index

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2025

Aziza Ahmed
Affiliation:
Boston University School of Law

Information

Type
Chapter
Information
Risk and Resistance
How Feminists Transformed the Law and Science of AIDS
, pp. 221 - 223
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

Index

abstinence, 125126, 150
ACT-UP, 18
CDC advocacy, 41
CDC protests, 4344, 4647
COSTAS, 19, 23, 3738, 43
and the definition of AIDS, 28, 30, 49, 56
and development of AIDS treatments, 65
and FDA guidelines for clinical trials, 81
gender dynamics within, 40
NIAID advocacy, 2830
protests, 2122, 3739, 70
and Social Security Administration benefits, 23, 25
Women, AIDS, and Activism, 4446
Women’s Caucus, 1920, 22, 2830, 34, 3738, 44, 4748, 58, 79, 81
Administrative Procedures Act, 37
AIDS Counseling and Education (ACE), 1011, 23
AIDS Counseling and Education for Women in Transition from Correctional Facilities (ACE OUT), 11, 73
Alexander, Priscilla, 117
Alliance for Open Society International. See AOSI v. USAID
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 52, 73, 9293, 128, 130
American Medical Association, 40, 4950
Anderson, Linda, 21
anti-trafficking movement
carceral anti-trafficking feminists, 121122, 124125
and harm elimination, 112, 130
impact in law, 123124
in India, 109111
AOSI v. USAID, 128130, 133135
Apne Aap, 129, 134
Ashabai (Indian AIDS activist), 109111
autonomy, 78
Avery, Byllye, 17
AZT, 61, 63, 66, 68, 7172, 81
Banzhaf, Marion, 54
Barack Obama administration, 133
Barnard Conference, 118
Barry, Kathleen, 117119, 121122, 125
Berkelman, Ruth, 41
Black Women’s Health Initiative, 31
Black Women’s Health Project, 17
Boston Women’s Health Collective. See Our Bodies Our Selves
Boudin, Kathy, 911
Brooklyn AIDS Task Force, 31
Bunch, Charlotte, 117118
Bush, George W., 125, 127
Butler, Josephine, 114, 121122
Casey v. Planned Parenthood, 75
Castley, Shirley, 117118
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
and the definition of AIDS, 2325, 4647
and feminist AIDS activism. See ACT-UP, CDC protests; feminist AIDS activism, and the definition of AIDS
Center for Health and Gender Equity, 128, 130, 132
Center for Reproductive Rights, 128, 130
Center for Women’s Global Leadership, 102
Christensen, Kim, 45
Clark, Judy, 910
clinical trials
1977 FDA guidance on women in, 62, 6465, 80
1993 FDA guidance on women in, 78, 8081
and AIDS activism, 6466
AIDS Clinical Trial Group 076 (ACTG 076), 63, 7173, 8182
AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG), 66, 69, 73
changing regulatory attitude to women’s participation in, 7071
and feminist AIDS activism, 62, 6769, 81
and feminist AIDS advocacy, 7376, 7880
and the Government Accounting Office report on women’s health, 7071
and pregnancy, 7173, 8182
and the thalidomide tragedy, 65
women’s exclusion from, 6263, 66
Clinton, Bill, 87
Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW), 122124, 129, 134135
conference on Women and HIV/AIDS (1991), 4647
Contagious Diseases Acts (CDAs), 113114, 117, 121
Convention for the Suppression of Traffic in Women and Children, 115
COVID, 145, 148150
COYOTE (Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics), 116
critical race theory, 106
Critical Resistance, 105
Curran, James, 46, 52, 54, 5758
Davis, Martha, 73, 78, 8081
Delacruz, Iris, 39
Denenberg, Risa, 27
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), 25, 33, 38, 53, 64, 79, 127, 130, 133, 135
Dixon-Diallo, Dazon, 30
DKT v. USAID, 128129
Donald Trump Administration, 135
Downy, Thomas, 51
DuBois, W. E. B., 147
Dworkin, Andrea, 93, 116, 118, 122
economic epidemiology, 8990
and the feminist critique of sex, 9394
influence on public health, 9597
and voluntary choice, 9092
and women’s bargaining position, 9495
Eigo, Jim, 6768
Elders, Jocelyn, 120
epidemiology
and the CDC, 24
economic. See economic epidemiology
feminist, 66
shortcomings of, 5657
and trafficking, 142144
Equal Rights Amendment, 15
Equality Now, 129, 134
Farley, Melissa, 138
Fauci, Anthony, 2830, 4647, 53, 66, 69, 149
feminist AIDS activism, 34
and clinical trials. See clinical trials, and feminist AIDS activism
and the definition of AIDS, 23, 2728, 33, 3839, 4144, 53
origins in Black feminist organizing, 1617
origins in LGBT organizing, 18
origins of, 1819
in prisons, 911
and redistribution, 1213, 18, 34, 63, 82
and the Social Security Administration. See Social Security Administration, and feminist AIDS activism
and structural discrimination, 21
and women of color, 4, 3031
feminist critique of science, 6, 1314, 18, 35
and women of color, 14
feminist women’s health movement, 1112, 63
in the 1960s and 70s, 1315
and AIDS, 19, 21, 62
Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, 36
First Amendment to the United States Constitution, 93, 128129, 133136
Food and Drug Administration, 64
1977 guidance on women in clinical trials. See clinical trials, 1977 FDA guidance on women in
1993 guidance on women in clinical trials. See clinical trials, 1993 FDA guidance on women in
response to feminist AIDS activism, 6769
Foundation for AIDS Research, 130
Frug, Mary Jo, 14
Fumento, Michael, 3, 19
Gay Men’s Health Crisis, 22
George H. W. Bush administration, 38, 70
George W. Bush administration, 150
Gilbert, David, 910
Global Health Council, 128
Global Network of Sex Work Projects (NSWP), 121, 138139, 141
Gomez, Alma, 73, 8081
Grover, Anand, 141
Haraway, Donna, 14
Harrington, Mark, 6768
Harris, Angela, 106107
Harris v. McRae, 16
Haslip, Katrina, 1011, 23, 31, 39, 41, 43, 5859
Healy, Bernadine, 70
HIV Law Project, 22, 5152, 73, 78
HIV/AIDS
and criminalization, 119120
in India, 109
perception of women’s resistance to, 3, 19
rates among women, 83
women’s vulnerability to, 100101
Hoth, Daniel, 47, 6970
Hughes, Donna, 127, 129
Human Rights Watch, 132
Hyde Amendment, 16
Immoral Trafficking (Prevention) Act (India), 111
INCITE!, 105
Interaction, 128
International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic, 115
International Women’s Health Coalition, 128, 130, 132
International Women’s Tribute Centre, Inc., 117
Ipas USA, 132
Jones, Martha, 78
Kavanaugh, Brett, 136
Kessler, David, 70, 81
Krieger, Nancy, 66
Ladies National Association, 114
law and science, 46
coproduction of, 6
legal–scientific settlements, 68, 12, 145, 147, 149151
Lee, Barbara, 131
Lesbian and Gay Community Services Center, 44
Levine, Carol, 72
Life Force, 31, 34, 41, 43, 47, 56
Long, Iris, 69
Lord, Elaine, 10
Lucey, Mary, 80
MacKinnon, Catharine, 93, 106, 116, 118, 122
Maher v. Roe, 16
Mann, Jonathan, 120
Mann Act, 114115
Margo, Glen, 66
Matsui, Robert, 48
McCarthy, Margaret, 6768
McGovern, Terry, 2223, 28, 3334, 39, 40, 43, 49, 5354, 5859, 73, 78, 8081
Medicaid, 16, 25, 56
Meredith, Linda, 27, 29, 38, 46, 48, 56
Merkatz, Ruth, 70, 7679
MFY Legal Services, 22, 51
Mikulski, Barbara, 70
Mill, John Stuart, 114
Morella, Constance, 48
Morgan, Tracy, 41
Nalls, Patricia, 13, 31
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), 2830, 46, 66, 69, 72, 149
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 2829, 46, 6970
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). See National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Women’s Health Initiative, 70
National Minority AIDS Council, 56
National Organization of Women, 17, 73, 78, 87
Navarro, Victor, 130131
Nesiah, Vasuki, 106
New Jersey Women AIDS Network, 52
New York Radical Feminists, 118
New York State Department of Health’s AIDS Institute, 10
Noble, Gary, 41
On our Backs, 21, 45
Open Society Institute, 127128, 139
Our Bodies Our Selves, 14, 20
Pathfinder International, 128
People With AIDS Coalition, 56
Philipson, Tomas, 84, 9097, 104
Physicians Association for AIDS Care, 4950
Planned Parenthood, 130, 132
Posner, Richard, 84, 8997, 104
Pregnancy Discrimination Act, 15
President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS relief (PEPFAR), 125, 128, 135, 138
Protocol to Suppress, Prevent, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (Palermo Protocol), 122124, 140, 142143
public health and harm reduction, 120121
reproductive justice movement, 1213
reproductive rights movement, 12, 15, 1820, 107
Roe v. Wade, 15, 66
Ronald Reagan administration, 3, 11, 16, 34, 38, 76
Rowan, Chip, 41
S.P. v. Sullivan, 33, 3537, 48, 51
Sampada Grameen Mahila Sanstha (SANGRAM), 109110
science. See clinical trials; epidemiology; feminist critique of science; law and science; public health and harm reduction; scientific evidence
scientific evidence, 56, 1214
and carceral approaches to sex work, 142
and the CDC, 24, 27, 4142, 47, 5356, 58
and postmodern feminism, 1415
and UNAIDS, 141
sex bargain, the, 8, 8486, 104
and feminism, 92, 97, 102103
sex work
and the antiprostitution loyalty oath, 125128
and disease in twentieth century law, 115
and disease in nineteenth century law, 113114
feminist divisions around, 112113, 115119, 124125
and harm reduction, 121
and international advocacy, 136142
and litigation. See AOSI v. USAID; DKT v. USAID
and organizing in India, 110
and public health, 112
and race in early twentieth century, 114115
and sex worker organizing, 109110, 119, 121
and sex-positive feminism, 121
sex-subordination, 86, 93, 9798
Shalala, Donna, 79
Sharpe, Phyllis, 40, 49, 70
Shaw, Susan, 56
Sidibé, Michel, 140
Singer, Linda, 32
SisterLove, 30, 34, 43
social movements, 46
Social Security Act, 25, 36
Social Security Administration
disbursement of benefits, 2526, 41
and feminist AIDS activism, 2627, 3839
hearings on changes to regulations, 4851
litigation against, 33, 3537
reliance on the CDC definition of AIDS, 23, 25, 43
rule changes, 59
Sojourner, 45
Spinella, Stephen, 6768
St. James, Margo, 116118
Standing Against Global Exploitation, 129
Sullivan, Louis, 3839
Suydam, Linda, 8081
thalidomide. See clinical trials, and the thalidomide tragedy
Third World approaches to international law, 106
United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, 7578, 80
United Nations
Beijing Conference Platform for Action, 101
Development Program Global Commission on HIV and the Law, 141
Joint Program on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS), 3, 134, 136142
Palermo Protocol. See Protocol to Suppress, Prevent, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (Palermo Protocol)
Special Sessions on HIV and AIDS, 101102
United States Agency for International Development. See AOSI v. USAID; DKT v. USAID
United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria Act, 125126, 128, 130, 132, 136
antiprostitution loyalty oath (APLO), 126130, 132136
Vance, Carole, 118
Veshya Anyay Mukti Parishad (VAMP), 109110
Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act (TVPA), 122123, 138
violence against women
and AIDS epidemiology, 9899
criminalization of, 89
feminist concern with, 87
feminist debates on, 108
and individual responsibility, 103104
as an international issue, 8889
and public health funding, 100
US government efforts to end, 8788
and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS, 101102
Violence Against Women Act (VAWA), 8788, 104
Waxman, Henry, 131
Weather Underground, 9
Weiss, Ted, 39
Winchester, Samantha, 21
Wolfe, Maxine, 20, 30, 41, 53, 69
Women Against Violence Against Women, 116, 118
Women Against Violence in Pornography, 116, 118
women’s bodily autonomy, 7, 6263, 66, 71, 7476, 82
women’s choice, 7, 12, 16, 66, 71, 74, 82
Women’s Collective, the, 31
World Bank, 9597
World Charter for Prostitutes Rights, 119
World Conference on Women, 8889
World Health Organization (WHO), 59, 99100, 120, 137, 141, 150

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  • Index
  • Aziza Ahmed, Boston University School of Law
  • Book: Risk and Resistance
  • Online publication: 10 September 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108751605.009
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  • Index
  • Aziza Ahmed, Boston University School of Law
  • Book: Risk and Resistance
  • Online publication: 10 September 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108751605.009
Available formats
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  • Index
  • Aziza Ahmed, Boston University School of Law
  • Book: Risk and Resistance
  • Online publication: 10 September 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108751605.009
Available formats
×