Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-6bb9c88b65-6scc2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-07-25T06:07:36.434Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 90 - Cancer in People Living with HIV

from Section 12 - Cancer and Palliative Care

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2025

By
Martin Origa ,
Innocent Mutyaba ,
Leeya F. Pinder  and
Thomas S. Uldrick
Edited by
David Mabey ,
Martin W. Weber ,
Moffat Nyirenda ,
Dorothy Yeboah-Manu ,
Jackson Orem ,
Laura Benjamin ,
Michael Marks  and
Nicholas A. Feasey
David Mabey
Affiliation:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Martin W. Weber
Affiliation:
World Health Organization
Moffat Nyirenda
Affiliation:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
Affiliation:
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana
Jackson Orem
Affiliation:
Uganda Cancer Institute, Kampala
Laura Benjamin
Affiliation:
University College London
Michael Marks
Affiliation:
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Nicholas A. Feasey
Affiliation:
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Get access

Summary

Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic, Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have been recognized features of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Over ensuing years, epidemiological studies in people living with HIV (PLWH) demonstrated this population is at increased risk for a variety of other cancers (Yarchoan & Uldrick 2018). For the estimated 26 million PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality (Sengayi et al. 2016).

Information

Type
Chapter
Information
Principles of Medicine in Africa , pp. 1016 - 1022
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Book purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Amerson, E., Woodruff, C. M., Forrestel, A. et al. 2016. Accuracy of clinical suspicion and pathologic diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma in East Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 71, 295–301.10.1097/QAI.0000000000000862CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chiao, E. Y., Coghill, A., Kizub, D. et al. 2021. The effect of non-AIDS-defining cancers on people living with HIV. Lancet Oncol, 22, e240–e253.10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00137-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martel, De, Plummer, C., Vignat, M., J. & Franceschi, S. 2017. Worldwide burden of cancer attributable to HPV by site, country and HPV type. Int J Cancer, 141, 664–670.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goncalves, P. H., Uldrick, T. S. & Yarchoan, R. 2017. HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma and related diseases. AIDS, 31, 1903–1916.10.1097/QAD.0000000000001567CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kedar Mukthinuthalapati, V. V. P., Sewram, V., Ndlovu, N. et al. 2021. Hepatocellular carcinoma in Sub-Saharan Africa. JCO Glob Oncol, 7, 756–766.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimani, S., Painschab, M. S., Kaimila, B. et al. 2021. Safety and efficacy of rituximab in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Malawi: a prospective, single-arm, non-randomised phase 1/2 clinical trial. Lancet Glob Health, 9, e1008–e1016.10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00181-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krown, S. E., Moser, C. B., Macphail, P. et al. 2020. Treatment of advanced AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma in resource-limited settings: a three-arm, open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Lancet, 395, 1195–1207.10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33222-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murenzi, G., Kanyabwisha, F., Murangwa, A. et al. 2020. Twelve-year trend in the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection among Rwandan women living with HIV. J Infect Dis, 222, 74–81.10.1093/infdis/jiaa065CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mutebi, M., Adewole, I., Orem, J. et al. 2020. Toward optimization of cancer care in sub-Saharan Africa: development of National Comprehensive Cancer Network Harmonized Guidelines for sub-Saharan Africa. JCO Glob Oncol, 6, 1412–1418.10.1200/GO.20.00091CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pather, S., Mashele, T., Willem, P. et al. 2021. MYC status in HIV-associated plasmablastic lymphoma: dual-colour CISH, FISH and immunohistochemistry. Histopathology, 79, 86–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pinder, L. F., Parham, G. P., Basu, P. et al. 2020. Thermal ablation versus cryotherapy or loop excision to treat women positive for cervical precancer on visual inspection with acetic acid test: pilot phase of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol, 21, 175–184.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sengayi, M., Spoerri, A., Egger, M. et al. 2016. Record linkage to correct under-ascertainment of cancers in HIV cohorts: the Sinikithemba HIV clinic linkage project. Int J Cancer, 139, 1209–16.10.1002/ijc.30154CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silverberg, M. J., Leyden, W., Hernandez-Ramirez, R. U. et al. 2021. Timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation and risk of cancer among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis, 72, 1900–1909.10.1093/cid/ciaa1046CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yarchoan, R. & Uldrick, T. S. 2018. HIV-associated cancers and related diseases. N Engl J Med, 378, 1029–1041.10.1056/NEJMra1615896CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Accessibility standard: Unknown

Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this book is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge-org.demo.remotlog.com is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×