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14 - Participants’ Perceptions about Takaful Operators Disclosure System: An Empirical Study on Saudi Arabia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2025

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Summary

1. Introduction

Takaful is derived from the Arabic root word “kafala”, a verb which means guarantee, bail, warrant or an act of securing one’s need (Ali et al., 2008). Takaful is also defined in Section 2 of the Malaysian Takaful Act 1984 as:

“A scheme based on brotherhood, solidarity and mutual assistance which provides for mutual financial aid and assistance to the participants in case of need whereby the participants mutually agree to contribute for that purpose.”

The Accounting Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) also defined Islamic insurance (in 2004/2005) as per the Financial Accounting Standard No. 12, in Appendix E:

“Islamic insurance is a system through which the participants donate part or all of their contributions which are used to pay claims for damages suffered by some of the participants. The company’s role is restricted to managing the insurance operations and investing the insurance contributions.”

By 2007 AAOIFI defined Islamic insurance in line with Shari’ah Standard 26 (2) 2007:

“Islamic insurance is an agreement between persons who are exposed to risks to protect themselves against harm arising from risk by paying contributions on the basis of a ‘commitment to donate’. Following from that the insurance fund is established and it is treated as a separate legal entity which has independent financial liability. The fund will cover the compensation against harms that befall any of the participants due to the occurrence of the insured risks (perils) in accordance with the terms of the policy.”

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Chapter
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Islamic Finance , pp. 347 - 374
Publisher: Gerlach Books
Print publication year: 2016

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