Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 August 2025
The aim of this chapter is to gain a deeper understanding of the subject of rights, legal personality andrights of petition in international law in the run-up to the inclusion of rights of petition to the ECtHR in the ECHR. The analysis shows that there was a nascent debate on whether international organizations such as the United Nations (UN) could acquire legal personality and file complaints on behalf of victims of injury at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) at the Hague but the extension of legal personality to corporations and the grant ofrights of petition to individual persons was not part of that debate. However,corporations had historically enjoyed legal personality in civil and common law systems. Thelegal persona was a mask or legal fiction to facilitate ownership and transfer of property by groups of individuals and corporations. The analysis suggests that the malleability of the fictitious ’legal persona’accommodated a multiplicity of political conceptions of the nature and aims of the corporation, facilitating the inclusion of legal persons as subjects of rights in A1P1.
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