The chapter delves into the life and literary output of St Neophytos the Recluse, a distinctive Byzantine author in twelfth- and early thirteenth-century Cyprus. It examines his writings, education, and pivotal role in revitalizing monastic traditions, particularly in contrast to Constantinople. The focus extends to Neophytos’s hagiographical work, specifically the Panegyrike, his collection of works of a hagiographical and homiletic character. His sources, narrative styles, and unique contributions are discussed with an emphasis on his confessional and personal approach. Additionally, the chapter discusses the Passio of the Thirteen Martyrs of Kantara (BHG 1198), martyred under Latin rule in 1231. It highlights the text’s anti-Latin character and the elements of theological dispute it encapsulates.