Chapter 5 examines the myriad ways Africans contested their indentureship, arguing that these cultural and economic choices by first-generation recaptive Africans shaped the formation of African work on Grenada. Like the actions taken by enslaved Africans, recaptured Africans left estates temporarily or permanently to establish and maintain bonds with shipmates or those of similar 'nations'. For the majority, African languages were spoken along with French, and church attendance was irregular. Moreover, a preference was expressed for Roman Catholicism because it was compatible with their religious cultures. While many of these choices indicate adaptation to a creolised society, they also demonstrate that adaptation was gradual and measured.