A global lens on European military history exposes the racist foundations upon which European empires have gone to war around the world over centuries. The racisms and nationalisms embedded in the narration of Europe’s military past prevent it from fully making the global turn. The study of war and militarization without the global turn enables the continued avoidance of questions that inherently challenge the nationalist, patriotic, and frequently racist and misogynist foundations that have long shaped the field. Moreover, European military historiography tends to ignore the many wars of anti-colonial resistance fought against colonizing powers in the long nineteenth century. Yet they were as much a part of European military history as any other wars. To globalize European military history, scholars must include analysis of anti-colonial resistance within the standard approaches to “military history.” Situating European military history more firmly in the global unsettles assumed knowledge about European military dominance, opening new possibilities for historians to consider armed struggles against empire within the same field of study as the recognized staples of European military history.

This chapter explores how the climate litigation community could contribute to progress on climate change by creatively deploying visual evidence to help secure courtroom decisions that manifest in landmark change. The chapter first examines how visuals in the court room make the unobservable and the unimaginable understandable and can transform public opinion. The chapter then looks at several environmental and human rights cases in which the plaintiffs made use of visual evidence to their advantage. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the strategic value of visuals in rights-based climate cases.