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No one needs a tracheostomy tube only for being too weak to breathe, that is, for people with ventilatory pump failure. Noninvasive ventilatory support is safer, better tolerated and better maintains quality of life than does ventilatory support via tracheostomy. People at any age can become continuously dependent on (noninvasive) ventilatory support (CNVS) without ever going to a hospital or developing acute respiratory failure. People who depend on CNVS are more safely managed in their homes by trained care providers than in institutions or hospitals where supplemental oxygen therapy can result in acute respiratory failure. Here we discuss the management with respect to noninvasive ventilation or noninvasive ventilatory support for patients with ventilatory pump failure and discuss mechanical insufflation-exsufflation, intubation and extubation criteria for these patients.
In this final part, we will examine how we assess exercise capacity and limitation through a series of example CPETs and we will delve deeper into how we investigate dyspnoea of unknown origin.