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Hemodynamically stable patients needing transfusions are appropriate for placement in an observation unit. Transfusions of red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, and platelet products: fresh frozen plasma (FFP), cryoprecipitate, and factors including von Willebrand factor (vWF), and factors VIII and IX, can be done in selected patients in the observation unit (OU). Administration of drugs such as DDAVP and TXA (tranexamic acid) can be used to treat bleeding. Patients with anemia, sickle cell disease, hemophilia, and von Willebrand’s disease are among those patients with hematologic and/or bleeding disorders who, if stable, might be treated in an OU instead of as an inpatient. In the OU, transfusions can be given over hours when indicated and patients can be monitored for transfusion reactions.
In this chapter on hematology and transfusion, the author reviews commonly encountered perioperative disorders such as hemoglobinopathies, G6PD, Sickle Cell Disease, von Willebrand Disease and Hemophilia. Pediatric transfusion of blood components is discussed as well as use of thromboelastography to guide treatment.
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