The Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Nutrition has retracted this article. Following publication, the journal was informed that this article had been published previously in Chinese by different authors (DOI: 10.16151/j.1007-810x.2023.05.007).
Furthermore, the journal has been made aware of authorship concerns. Dong Ke, of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, has contacted the journal to state that they were not aware of this publication and were added to the author list without their knowledge.
The corresponding author Hui Wu had previously requested that the paper be retracted on 1st April 2025, citing discrepancies in the dataset that fundamentally impacted the validity of the conclusions.
HW and DK agreed to the retraction. ND and JW could not be contacted.