We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)
Article purchase
Temporarily unavailable
References
Dale, B (2018) Fertilization: The Beginning of Life. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaffe, LA (1976) Fast block to polyspermy in sea urchin eggs is electrically mediated. Nature261, 68–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Just, EE (1939) The Biology of the Cell Surface, Blakistons, Philadelphia, USA.Google Scholar
Levitan, D (1993) The importance of sperm limitation to the evolution of egg size in marine invertebrates. Am Nat141, 517–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levitan, D and Peterson, C (1995) Sperm limitation in the sea. Trends Ecol Evol10, 228–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Limatola, N, Vasilev, F, Tai Chun, J and Santella, L (2019) The sodium mediated fast electrical depolarization does not prevent polyspermic fertilization in Paracentrotus lividus eggs. Zygote (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothschild, L and Swann, MM (1951) The fertilization reaction in the sea urchin. The probability of a successful sperm–egg collision. J Exp Biol28, 403–16.Google Scholar
Rothschild, L and Swann, MM (1952) The fertilization reaction in the sea urchin. The block to polyspermy. J Exp Biol29, 469–83.Google Scholar