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Cover-Crop Roller–Crimper Contributes to Weed Management inNo-Till Soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Adam S. Davis
Adam S. Davis*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: asdavis1@illinois.edu
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Abstract

Termination of cover crops prior to no-till planting of soybean is typicallyaccomplished with burndown herbicides. Recent advances in cover-croproller–crimper design offer the possibility of reliable physical terminationof cover crops without tillage. A field study within a no-till soybeanproduction system was conducted in Urbana, IL, from 2004 through 2007 toquantify the effects of cover crop (cereal rye, hairy vetch, or bare soilcontrol), termination method (chemical burndown or roller–crimper), andpostemergence glyphosate application rate (0, 1.1, or 2.2 kg ae ha−1) on soybean yield components, weed–crop interference, andsoil environmental variables. Biomass of weeds surviving management within asoybean crop following either a vetch or rye cover crop was reduced by 26and 56%, respectively, in the rolled system compared to the burndown system.Soybean yield loss due to weed interference was unaffected by cover-croptermination method in soybean following a rye cover crop, but was higher inthe rolled than burndown treatment in both hairy vetch and bare soiltreatments. In soybean following a rye cover crop, regardless of terminationmethod, yield loss to weed interference was unaffected by glyphosate rate,whereas in soybean following a vetch cover crop or bare soil, yield lossdecreased with glyphosate rate. Variation in soybean yield among cover cropsand cover-crop termination treatments was due largely to differences insoybean establishment, rather than differences in the soil environment. Useof a roller–crimper to terminate a cover crop preceding no-till soybean hasthe potential to achieve similar yields to those obtained in a chemicallyterminated cover crop while reducing residual weed biomass.

Keywords

Common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer, AMARUgiant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm., SETFAhairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth.cereal rye, Secale cereale L. ‘FS Hi-Rye 500’soybean, Glycine max (L). MerrCover-crop terminationGlycine max establishmentweed suppressionSecale cerealeVicia villosaorganiclow external input

Information

Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , September 2010 , pp. 300 - 309
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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