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Accepted manuscript

The central spectra of massive star-forming galaxies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 June 2025

Jaimie R. Sheil*
Affiliation:
School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
Michael J. I. Brown
Affiliation:
School of Physics & Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
Virginia A. Kilborn
Affiliation:
Department of Physics & Astronomy, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Michelle E. Cluver
Affiliation:
Department of Physics & Astronomy, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Thomas Jarrett
Affiliation:
Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 640 N Aohoku Pl 209, Hilo, HI 96720, USA Department of Astronomy, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
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Abstract

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We have examined the nuclear spectra of very massive star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 0 to understand how they differ from other galaxies with comparable masses, which are typically passive. We selected a sample of 126 nearby massive star-forming galaxies (< 100 Mpc, 1011.3 M ≤ Mstellar ≤ 1011.7 M, 1 M yr−1 < SFR < 13 M yr−1) from the 2MRS-Bright WXSC catalogue. LEDA morphologies indicate at least 63% of our galaxies are spirals, while visual inspection of Dark Energy Survey images reveals 75% of our galaxies to be spirals with the remainder being lenticular. Of our sample 59 have archival nuclear spectra, which we have modelled and subsequently measured emission lines ([NII]λ6583, Hαλ6563, [OIII]λ5008, and Hβλ4863), classifying galaxies as star-forming, LINERS or AGNs. Using a BPT diagram we find 83 ± 6 % of our galaxies, with sufficient signal-to-noise to measure all 4 emission lines, to be LINERs. Using the [NII]λ6583/Hαλ6563 emission line ratio alone we find that 79 ± 6 % of the galaxies (46 galaxies) with archival spectra are LINERs, whereas just ∼ 30% of the overall massive galaxy population are LINERs (Belfiore et al., 2016). Our sample can be considered a local analogue of the Ogle et al. (2016, 2019) sample of z ∼ 0.22 massive star-forming galaxies in terms of selection criteria, and we find 64% of their galaxies are LINERs using SDSS spectra. The high frequency of LINER emission in these massive star-forming galaxies indicates that LINER emission in massive galaxies may be linked to the presence of gas that fuels star formation.

Information

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Astronomical Society of Australia