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Women, Gender, and Nonviolence in PoliticalMovements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 May 2002

Karen Beckwith
Affiliation:
The College of Wooster

Abstract

Although “the ties between women's rights movements and nonviolencehave been deep and enduring,” women's movements are not the onlymovements to rely upon nonviolent collective action. The Indiannationalist movement with Gandhi innovated with passive resistance;the U.S. black civil rights movement employed nonviolent civildisobedience as its major collective action; and peace andenvironmental movements in the 1980s and 1990s have employednonviolent tactics. The ties between women's movements andnonviolence, however, are notable insofar as nonviolent tacticspredominate in the collective action repertoires of women'smovements (Rucht forthcoming). Because nonviolent tactics prevail,they are more visibly connected to those movements.

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Copyright
© 2002 by the American Political Science Association

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Footnotes

This article is based on data from interviews and archivaldocuments. Partial support for this research comes from an AmericanPolitical Science Association Research Grant; the Henry Luce IIIFund for Distinguished Scholarship, the College of Wooster; and aNational Science Foundation Grant (#SES-9224413). The Program forNonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival (PONSACS) at theWeatherhead Center for International Affairs at Harvard University,where I was a Visiting Scholar, was a helpful location fordeveloping the arguments in this article, and I am grateful to DougBond, Amanda Flohr, and Ted McDonald for their support. Discussionand debate with Sidney Tarrow, Mary Fainsod Katzenstein, MaryMargaret Fonow, and Lee Ann Banaszak helped to shape my thinkingabout issues of women's movements and nonviolence; I am indebted tothem for their contributions and their challenges.