The Dutch have been counted among the staunchest supporters ofEuropean integration ever since the parliamentary ratification ofthe European Community for Coal and Steel in late 1951. The majorpolitical parties—the Christian Democrats (CDA) and its forerunners,the Labor Party (PvdA), and the liberal parties VVD andD66—supported all important European treaties of the past decades.Only the smaller orthodox-Calvinist parties, some smaller left-wingparties, and, more recently, the List Pim Fortuyn (LPF) have opposedthese treaties in parliament. This overwhelmingly large support inthe Second Chamber of the Dutch parliament included the Treaty ofRome of 2004—the treaty establishing a constitution for Europe. Onehundred twenty-eight out of 150 members of parliament favored theratification of the European Constitution. This article draws on several chapters in Aarts and van der Kolk 2005.