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From an amateur PN candidate to the Rosetta Stone of SN Iax research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2025

A. Ritter Open the ORCID record for A. Ritter [Opens in a new window] ,
Q. A. Parker ,
F. Lykou ,
A. Zijlstra ,
M. A. Guerrero  and
P. Le Dû
A. Ritter*
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Space Research, FoS, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (S.A.R.)
Q. A. Parker
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Space Research, FoS, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (S.A.R.)
F. Lykou
Affiliation:
Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
A. Zijlstra
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Space Research, FoS, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (S.A.R.) The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K.
M. A. Guerrero
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Granada, Spain
P. Le Dû
Affiliation:
Kermerrien Observatory, Porspoder, France
*
email: azuri.ritter@gmail.com
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Abstract

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On August 25 2013 Dana Patchick from the “Deep Sky Hunters” (DSH) amateur astronomer group discovered a diffuse nebulosity in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mid-IR image archive that had no optical counterpart but appeared similar to many Planetary Nebulae (PNe) in WISE. As his 30th discovery he named it Pa 30 and it was added to the HASH PN database as a new PN candidate. Little did he know how important his discovery would become. 10 years later this object is the only known bound remnant of a violent double WD merger accompanied by a rare Type Iax SN, observed and recorded by the ancient Chinese and Japanese in 1181 AD. This makes Pa 30 and its central star IRAS 00500+6713 (WD J005311) the only SN Iax remnant in our Galaxy, the only known bound remnant of any SN, and based on the central star’s spectrum the only Wolf-Rayet star known that neither has a massive progenitor nor is the central star of a Planetary Nebula. We cover this story and our key role in it.

Keywords

emission nebulaesupernova remnantstype Ia supernovaeWolf-Rayet stars

Information

Type
Contributed Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 19 , Symposium S384: Planetary Nebulae: A Universal Toolbox in the Era of Precision Astrophysics , December 2023 , pp. 351 - 357
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Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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