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ALMA Observations of Molecular Line Emission from High-excitation Bipolar Planetary Nebulae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2025

Paula Moraga Baez Open the ORCID record for Paula Moraga Baez [Opens in a new window] ,
Joel H. Kastner Open the ORCID record for Joel H. Kastner [Opens in a new window] ,
Jesse Bublitz ,
Javier Alcolea Open the ORCID record for Javier Alcolea [Opens in a new window] ,
Miguel Santander-García Open the ORCID record for Miguel Santander-García [Opens in a new window] ,
Thierry Forveille ,
Pierre Hily-Blant ,
Bruce Balick ,
Rodolfo Montez Jr.  and
Caroline Gieser Open the ORCID record for Caroline Gieser [Opens in a new window]
Paula Moraga Baez
Affiliation:
School of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
Joel H. Kastner
Affiliation:
School of Physics and Astronomy and Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology
Jesse Bublitz
Affiliation:
Green Bank Observatory, Green Bank, WV, USA
Javier Alcolea
Affiliation:
Observatorio Astronómico Nacional, Madrid, Spain
Miguel Santander-García
Affiliation:
Observatorio Astronómico Nacional, Madrid, Spain
Thierry Forveille
Affiliation:
Institut de Planetologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, France
Pierre Hily-Blant
Affiliation:
Institut de Planetologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, France
Bruce Balick
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
Rodolfo Montez Jr.
Affiliation:
Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, MA, USA
Caroline Gieser
Affiliation:
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Munich, Germany
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Abstract

We present early results from our program of ALMA Band 6 (1.3mm) molecular line mapping of a sample of nearby, well-studied examples of high-excitation, bipolar/pinched-waist and molecule-rich planetary nebulae (Hubble 5 and NGC 2440, 2818, 2899, 6302, and 6445). We have mapped these planetary nebulae (PNe) in isotopologues of CO as well as various molecular line tracers of high-energy irradiation, such as HCN, CN, HNC, and HCO+, with the complementary goals of establishing nebular kinematics as well as the zones of UV-heated and X-ray-ionized molecular gas within each nebula. The resulting high-resolution ALMA molecular emission-line maps reveal the regions of high-excitation bipolar PNe in which molecular gas, presumably ejected during asymptotic giant branch stages of the PN progenitor stars, survives and evolves chemically. We present a summary of molecular species detected to date in the sample nebulae, and we use example results for one PN (NGC 6455) to demonstrate the power of the ALMA data in revealing the structures, kinematics, and compositions of the equatorial molecular tori that are a common feature of the sample objects.

Keywords

stars: binariesplanetary nebulaestars: evolutionmolecular data

Information

Type
Contributed Paper
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 19 , Symposium S384: Planetary Nebulae: A Universal Toolbox in the Era of Precision Astrophysics , December 2023 , pp. 208 - 214
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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