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High-capacity potato peel-shaped graphite for lithium-ion batteries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 September 2011

T. Sri Devi Kumari ,
R. Surya ,
A. Manuel Stephan ,
D. Jeyakumar  and
T. Prem Kumar
T. Sri Devi Kumari
Affiliation:
Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, Tamil Nadu, India
R. Surya
Affiliation:
Electrochemical Power Systems Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, Tamil Nadu, India
A. Manuel Stephan
Affiliation:
Electrochemical Power Systems Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, Tamil Nadu, India
D. Jeyakumar
Affiliation:
Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, Tamil Nadu, India
T. Prem Kumar*
Affiliation:
Electrochemical Power Systems Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630006, Tamil Nadu, India
*
Address all correspondence to T. Prem Kumar atpremlibatt@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Highly graphitic carbons are obtained by precipitating carbon from molten steel inoculated with bismuth. Scanning electron microscopy images show that the products have a potato peel morphology. The inoculant leads to a breaking of the local symmetry of the graphitic structure as evidenced by Raman spectroscopic studies. The products exhibit flat charge–discharge profiles below about 200 mV versus Li+/Li, reversible capacities even exceeding the theoretical limit of 372 mAh/g for perfectly graphitic structures, low first-cycle irreversible capacities, and sustained hundreds of cycles.

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Type
Rapid Communications
Information
MRS Communications , Volume 1 , Issue 1 , November 2011 , pp. 41 - 44
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2011

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