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Artificial Intelligence and Firm Technological Diversification: Unveiling the Distinctions Between Related and Unrelated Domains

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2025

Dong Wu Open the ORCID record for Dong Wu [Opens in a new window] ,
Xiru Chen Open the ORCID record for Xiru Chen [Opens in a new window]  and
Jingwen Li Open the ORCID record for Jingwen Li [Opens in a new window]
Dong Wu
Affiliation:
School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
Xiru Chen
Affiliation:
School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
Jingwen Li*
Affiliation:
School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
*
Corresponding author: Jingwen Li; Email: jingwen_li@zju.edu.cn
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Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the way firms pursue technological diversification (TD), yet its distinct effects on related and unrelated diversification remain insufficiently explored. Based on the knowledge-based view, this study examines the distinct effects of AI on related and unrelated TD to elucidate AI’s specific role in facilitating both the optimization of existing knowledge and the exploration of new domains. Using a multi-period difference-in-differences model and panel data from China’s listed manufacturing firms (2013–2022), our empirical analysis demonstrates that AI significantly promotes firm TD, particularly in unrelated TD. Additionally, we identify that core-technology competence strengthens the positive effect of AI on unrelated TD, while knowledge stocks weaken it. These results contribute to the literature on TD by underscoring the role of AI. Practically, the study offers actionable insights for managers to harness AI in balancing exploration and exploitation within their TD strategies.

摘要

摘要

人工智能正在彻底改变企业追求技术多元化的方式, 然而其对相关和非相关多元化的独特影响尚未得到充分探索。基于知识基础观, 本研究考察了人工智能对相关和非相关技术多元化的独特影响, 以阐明人工智能在促进现有知识优化和新领域探索方面的具体作用。通过使用多期双重差分模型和中国上市制造企业(2013 - 2022年)的面板数据, 我们的实证分析表明, 人工智能显著促进了企业技术多元化, 特别是在非相关技术多元化方面。此外, 我们发现核心技术能力加强了人工智能对非相关技术多元化的积极影响, 而知识储备则削弱了这种影响。这些结果通过强调人工智能的作用, 为技术多元化的文献做出了贡献。实际上, 该研究为管理者在其技术多元化战略中利用人工智能平衡探索和开发提供了可行的见解。

Keywords

artificial intelligencecore-technology competenceknowledge stocksrelated technological diversificationtechnological diversificationunrelated technological diversification人工智能技术多元化非相关技术多元化相关技术多元化核心技术能力知识储备

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Management and Organization Review , First View , pp. 1 - 36
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© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Association for Chinese Management Research.

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