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Truth and Truthmakers in Early Modern Scholasticism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 June 2015

BRIAN EMBRY
BRIAN EMBRY*
Affiliation:
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTObrian.embry@mail.utoronto.ca
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Abstract:

Seventeenth-century Iberian and Italian Scholastics had a concept of a truthmaker (verificativum) similar to that found in contemporary metaphysical debates. I argue that the seventeenth-century notion of a truthmaker can be illuminated by a prevalent seventeenth-century theory of truth according to which the truth of a proposition is the mereological sum of that proposition and its intentional object. I explain this theory of truth and then spell out the account of truthmaking it entails.

Keywords

truthmakertruthmakingtruthdenominationearly modern ScholasticismRodrigo de Arriaga

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Articles
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Journal of the American Philosophical Association , Volume 1 , Issue 2 , Summer 2015 , pp. 196 - 216
Copyright
Copyright © American Philosophical Association 2015 

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References

References

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Penner, Sydney. (2012) ‘Rodrigo de Arriaga on Relations’. The Modern Schoolman, 89, 25–46.Google Scholar
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Rodriguez-Pereyra, Gonzalo. (2006) ‘Truthmakers’. Philosophy Compass, 1, 186–200.Google Scholar
Schaffer, Jonathan. (2010) ‘The Least Discerning and Most Promiscuous Truthmaker’. The Philosophical Quarterly, 60, 307–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmutz, Jacob. (2007) ‘Réalistes, nihilistes et incompatibilistes: Le débat sur les negative truthmakers dans la scolastique Jésuite Espagnole’. In Laurent, J. (ed.), Dire le Néant (Caen: Presses Universitaires de Caen [Cahiers de philosophie de l’Université de Caen, no. 43]), 131–78.Google Scholar
Schmutz, Jacob. (2011) ‘Verificativum’. In Calma, D., Atucha, I., König-Pralong, C., and Zavettero, I. (eds.), Mots médiévaux offerts à Ruedi Imbach (Turnhout: Brepols), 739–48.Google Scholar
Shields, Christopher. (2012) ‘Shadows of Beings: Francisco Suárez's Entia Rationis’. In Hill, Benjamin and Lagerlund, Henrik (eds.), The Philosophy of Francisco Suárez, (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 57–74.Google Scholar
Simons, Peter. (2005) ‘Negatives, Numbers, and Necessity: Some Worries About Armstrong's Version of Truthmaking’. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 83, 253–61.Google Scholar
Van Fraassen, Bas. (1969) ‘Facts and Tautological Entailments’. The Journal of Philosophy, 66, 477–87.Google Scholar
Anonymous. Disputatio de objecto et verificativo propositionum. Madrid: Biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia, Ms. 9/3081, f. 213r-223r.Google Scholar
Arriaga, Rodrigo de. (1639) Cursus philosophicus. Paris.Google Scholar
Arriaga, Rodrigo de. (1669) Cursus philosophicus iam noviter maxima ex parte auctus. Lyon.Google Scholar
Benedictis, Giovanni Battista de. (1688) Philosophia peripatetica tomis quinque comprehensa: tomus primus, logica. Naples.Google Scholar
Giattini Sr., Giovannbattista. (1651) Logica. Rome.Google Scholar
Hurtado de Mendoza, Pedro. (1624) Universa philosophia. Lyon.Google Scholar
Izquierdo, Sebastián. (1659) Pharus scientiarum. Lyon.Google Scholar
Losada, Luis de. (1747) Cursus philosophici prima pars. Salamanca.Google Scholar
Lynch, Richard. (1654) Universa philosophia scholastica tomus primus. Lyon.Google Scholar
Madritano, Juan de Ulloa. (1711) Prodromus seu prolegomena ad scholasticas disciplinas. Rome.Google Scholar
Mangold, Maximus. (1765) Philosophia recentior. Vol. 1. Ingolstadt.Google Scholar
Martinez, Nicholas. (1738) Deus sciens sive de scientia Dei. Venice.Google Scholar
Mauro, Silvestro. (1670) Quaestionum philosophicarum liber secundus. 2nd Edition. Rome.Google Scholar
Oviedo, Francisco. (1663) Tomus II philosophiae. 3rd Edition. Lyon.Google Scholar
Peinado, Ignacio Francisco. (1680) Disputationes in octos libros physicorum Aristotelis. Alcalá.Google Scholar
Peinado, Ignacio Francisco. (1762) Disputationes in tres libros Aristotelis de anima, opus posthumum. Alcalá.Google Scholar
Polizzi, Giuseppe. (1675) Philosophicarum disputationum tomus tertius. Palermo.Google Scholar
Suárez, Francisco. (1856–1878) Opera omnia. 28 vols. Paris: Luis Vivès.Google Scholar
Vázquez, Gabriel. (1631a) Commentariorum ac disputationum in primam partem Sancti Thomae tomus primus. Lyon.Google Scholar
Vázquez, Gabriel. (1631b) Commentariorum ac disputationum in primam partem Sancti Thomae tomus secundus. Lyon.Google Scholar
Armstrong, David. (2004) Truth and Truthmakers. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Beebee, Helen, and Dodd, Julian. (2005) Truthmakers: The Contemporary Debate. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bigelow, John. (1988) The Reality of Numbers. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cameron, Ross. (2005) ‘Truthmaker Necessitarianism and Maximalism’. Logique et Analyse, 48, 43–56.Google Scholar
Dodd, Julian. (2000) An Identity Theory of Truth. Basingstoke: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Doyle, John. (1984) ‘Prolegomena to a Study of Extrinsic Denomination in the Work of Fracisco Suárez, S.J.’ Vivarium, 22, no. 2, 121–56.Google Scholar
Doyle, John. (1995) ‘Another God, Chimerae, Goat-Stags, and Man-Lions’. Review of Metaphysics, 48, 771–808.Google Scholar
Embry, Brian. (2015) ‘An Early Modern Scholastic Theory of Negative Entities: Thomas Compton Carleton on Lacks, Negations, and Privations’. British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 23, 22–45.Google Scholar
Fine, Kit. (2012) ‘Counterfactuals Without Possible Worlds’. The Journal of Philosophy, 109, 221–46.Google Scholar
Fox, John. (1987) ‘Truthmaker’. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 65, 188–207.Google Scholar
Gracia, Jorge, and Novotny, Daniel. (2011) ‘Fundamentals in Suárez's Metaphysics’. In Schwartz, Daniel (ed.), Interpreting Suárez (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press), 19–38.Google Scholar
Heil, John. (2000) ‘Truth Making and Entailment’. Logique et Analyse, 43, 231–42.Google Scholar
Heil, John. (2012) The Universe As We Find It. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Merricks, Trenton. (2007) Truth and Ontology. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mulligan, Kevin, Simons, Peter, and Smith, Barry. (1984) ‘Truth-Makers’. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 44, 287–321.Google Scholar
Penner, Sydney. (2012) ‘Rodrigo de Arriaga on Relations’. The Modern Schoolman, 89, 25–46.Google Scholar
Ramelow, Tilman. (1997) Gott, Freiheit, Weltenwahl: Die Metaphysik der Willensfreiheit zwischen Antonio Pérez S.J. (1599–1649) und G. W. Leibniz (1649–1716). Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Restall, Greg. (1996) ‘Truthmakers, Entailment, and Necessity’. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 74, 331–40.Google Scholar
Rodriguez-Pereyra, Gonzalo. (2006) ‘Truthmakers’. Philosophy Compass, 1, 186–200.Google Scholar
Schaffer, Jonathan. (2010) ‘The Least Discerning and Most Promiscuous Truthmaker’. The Philosophical Quarterly, 60, 307–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmutz, Jacob. (2007) ‘Réalistes, nihilistes et incompatibilistes: Le débat sur les negative truthmakers dans la scolastique Jésuite Espagnole’. In Laurent, J. (ed.), Dire le Néant (Caen: Presses Universitaires de Caen [Cahiers de philosophie de l’Université de Caen, no. 43]), 131–78.Google Scholar
Schmutz, Jacob. (2011) ‘Verificativum’. In Calma, D., Atucha, I., König-Pralong, C., and Zavettero, I. (eds.), Mots médiévaux offerts à Ruedi Imbach (Turnhout: Brepols), 739–48.Google Scholar
Shields, Christopher. (2012) ‘Shadows of Beings: Francisco Suárez's Entia Rationis’. In Hill, Benjamin and Lagerlund, Henrik (eds.), The Philosophy of Francisco Suárez, (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 57–74.Google Scholar
Simons, Peter. (2005) ‘Negatives, Numbers, and Necessity: Some Worries About Armstrong's Version of Truthmaking’. Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 83, 253–61.Google Scholar
Van Fraassen, Bas. (1969) ‘Facts and Tautological Entailments’. The Journal of Philosophy, 66, 477–87.Google Scholar