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Design and development of fluidic frequency-agile polarization-dependent FSS using FDM-based 3D-printing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2025

J. Luke Carishma Open the ORCID record for J. Luke Carishma [Opens in a new window] ,
Mettu Goutham Reddy ,
Karthikeyan Sholampettai Subramanian  and
S. Senthil Kumar
J. Luke Carishma*
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Mettu Goutham Reddy
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Karthikeyan Sholampettai Subramanian
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
S. Senthil Kumar
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
*
Corresponding author: J. Luke Carishma; Email: carishma18@gmail.com
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Abstract

A fused deposition modeling (FDM)-based polarization-dependent frequency-agile Frequency Selective Surface using distilled water is proposed in this paper. The FSS consists of a periodic array of vertically meandered square loops with two rectangular fluidic cavities embedded within the substrate. The resonant frequency is dynamically tuned across three distinct operating states by selectively filling one or both embedded cavities with distilled water, achieving a 47.42% tuning range in TE mode (2.15–3.45 GHz) and a 10.28% range in TM mode (3.32–3.68 GHz). An equivalent circuit model is developed to explain this tuning behavior by emphasizing the impact of fluid-induced permittivity changes in the substrate. Experimental results from a fabricated prototype validate the simulated performance, demonstrating angular stability up to 45∘. The proposed geometry is low-cost, lightweight, and energy-efficient, making it ideal for integration into adaptive communication systems, reconfigurable antennas, and electromagnetic shielding applications.

Keywords

additive manufacturingdistilled waterfrequency selective surfacefused deposition modelingpolarization-dependent

Information

Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , First View , pp. 1 - 10
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The European Microwave Association.

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