The United Kingdom has recently clarified its drug legislation with regard to addictive drugs under a single Act, The Misuse of Drugs Act 1970. The various statutory regulations with regard to the many pharmacological preparations on which patients may become dependent and which they should not be allowed to purchase freely such as barbiturates, tranquilizers, etc., are unaffected by this Act. The purpose of this paper is to describe the main provisions of The Misuse of Drugs Act and to mention a few of the anxieties that may be caused to the medical profession with regard to its operation.