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Co-occurrence of conduct problems anddepressive symptoms in early adolescent boys: III. Prediction to young-adult adjustment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 1999

DEBORAH M. CAPALDI
Affiliation:
Oregon Social Learning Center
MIKE STOOLMILLER
Affiliation:
Oregon Social Learning Center

Abstract

The prediction ofyoung-adult adjustment from early adolescent conduct problems and depressive symptoms wasexamined for an at-risk sample of approximately 200 males. Conduct problems and depressivesymptoms were expected to show stability to young adulthood. It was predicted that earlyadolescent conduct problems would be associated with a broad range of adjustment problems inyoung adulthood due to cumulative adjustment failures. Early adolescent depressive symptomswere expected particularly to predict poor relationships with parents and peers. Additive andinteractive effects of the two predictors were examined. Conduct problems and depressivesymptoms showed significant stability to young adulthood. Conduct problems were associatedwith a broad range of adjustment problems including continuing problems in peer associations,substance use, self-esteem, relationships with parents, and new problems in noncompletion ofeducation, unemployment, driver's license suspensions, and causing pregnancies.Depressive symptoms predicted particularly to problems in social relationships. Higher levels ofboth conduct problems and depressive symptoms in early adolescence did not predict toincreased difficulties for any one outcome over either problem alone, either due to main orinteraction effects. Such co-occurrence, however, did result in problem outcomes in multipleareas, thus, the poorest adjustment overall.

Information

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1999 Cambridge University Press

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