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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 July 2025
Background: Accurate aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) assays are essential for effectively diagnosing neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder and MOG antibody-associated disease. The Live Cell-Based Assay (L-CBA) is the gold standard laboratory test for detecting these antibodies. We studied the profiles of these antibodies, in samples of patients with relevant neurological conditions. Methods: Between January 2021 and December 2024, a total of 6673 samples of serum and/ or CSF were tested at BC Neuroimmunology Lab, Vancouver. We performed in-house L-CBA for the AQP4 and MOG Abs identification. We analyzed the demographics and characteristics of the positive Abs results. Results: We identified 7.8% positive results for anti-MOG and 2.7% for anti-AQP4 antibodies. Both antibodies were more frequent in females (AQP4: 76.9%, MOG: 65.1%). The average age of patients was 49.2 ± 18.8 years, ranging from 9 to 88 years for AQP4 antibodies, and 40.9 ± 19.5 years, ranging from 10 months to 89 years for MOG antibodies. Conclusions: Both anti-MOG and anti-AQP4 Abs are prevalent in females. Moreover, anti-MOG Abs are present across a wider age range from infancy to the elderly, and anti-AQP4 Abs are typically found in later ages, between 10 and 90 years.