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Levator Palpebrae Myositis: A Rare cause of Eyelid Ptosis. Proposal for Diagnosis and Management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 September 2025

Jessica M. Pouso-Diz*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Jose A. Castiñeira
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Emilio Rodriguez-Castro
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
*
Corresponding author: Jessica M. Pouso-Diz; Email: jessica.pouso.diz@gmail.com

Abstract

Idiopathic orbital myositis is a rare inflammatory condition that predominantly affects multiple extraocular muscles. Isolated involvement of a single muscle is very uncommon. Isolated levator palpebrae myositis is a diagnostic challenge that should be considered in patients with periocular pain and complete eyelid ptosis without ophthalmoparesis or pupillary dysfunction. We propose a comprehensive set of diagnostic tests to identify the underlying etiology and a recommended treatment regimen. Additionally, we present a case from our clinical practice that illustrates this rare presentation, of which few cases have been described in the literature.

Résumé

RÉSUMÉ

Myosite du muscle élévateur de la paupière supérieure : une cause rare de ptose palpébrale ainsi qu’une proposition en vue d’un diagnostic et d’une prise en charge La myosite orbitaire idiopathique est une affection inflammatoire rare qui touche principalement plusieurs muscles extra-oculaires. L’atteinte isolée d’un seul muscle demeure très rare. La myosite isolée du muscle élévateur de la paupière supérieure constitue en outre un défi diagnostique dont on doit tenir compte chez les patients présentant une douleur périoculaire et une ptose complète de la paupière sans ophtalmoplégie ni dysfonctionnement pupillaire. Nous voulons proposer ici un ensemble complet de tests diagnostiques afin d’identifier l’étiologie sous-jacente de cette affection ainsi qu’un traitement recommandé. De plus, nous entendons présenter un cas issu de notre pratique clinique qui illustre cette manifestation rare peu décrite dans la littérature.

Information

Type
Brief Communication
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation

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