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Comparing in-person to videoconference group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for depressive disorders in an out-patient mood disorders clinic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 September 2025

Aislinn Sandre Open the ORCID record for Aislinn Sandre [Opens in a new window] ,
Vraj Shah ,
Anastasiya Slyepchenko ,
Brenda Key ,
Sharon Simons ,
Julie Sgambato  and
Caitlin Davey
Aislinn Sandre
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
Vraj Shah
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Anastasiya Slyepchenko
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Brenda Key
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada Ontario Structured Psychotherapy Program, St Joseph’s Healthcare London & Hamilton, ON, Canada
Sharon Simons
Affiliation:
Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Julie Sgambato
Affiliation:
Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Clinic, St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Caitlin Davey*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Ontario Structured Psychotherapy Program, St Joseph’s Healthcare London & Hamilton, ON, Canada Youth Wellness Centre, St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
*
Corresponding author: Caitlin Davey; Email: cdavey@stjosham.on.ca
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Abstract

Background:

Despite their considerable public health impact, most people with depressive disorders do not receive treatment due to barriers that limit access to high-quality care. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, depressive symptoms have sharply increased, and access-to-care barriers were magnified by physical distancing requirements. Videoconferencing is a virtual care modality that reduces access-to-care barriers and can be used to deliver cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), an evidence-based treatment for depressive disorders. However, it is unclear whether videoconference CBT effectively decreases depressive symptoms, particularly in a group therapy format.

Aim:

This non-randomized study compared outcomes of group CBT for depressive disorders delivered via videoconference versus in-person.

Method:

Data on clinical outcomes (pre- and post-treatment depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms), treatment attendance, drop-out, and patient satisfaction were collected from adult outpatients of a mood disorders clinic who attended 14 weekly group CBT sessions either in-person (pre-pandemic; n=255) or via videoconference (during the pandemic; n=113).

Results:

Pre- to post-treatment decreases in depression, anxiety and stress symptoms did not differ between treatment modalities (β=–.01–.06, p>.05). These effects were robust to patient-level factors (i.e. age, sex, co-morbidities, medication use). Moreover, videoconference group CBT was associated with higher attendance (d=0.33) and lower drop-out (53% vs 70% of participants) compared with in-person group CBT.

Conclusions:

Videoconference group CBT for depressive disorders appears to be a promising and effective alternative to in-person CBT. However, these findings should be interpreted in light of the study’s non-randomized design and the potential confounding effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords

cognitive-behavioural therapyCOVID-19 pandemicdepressiongroup therapyvideoconferencingvirtual care

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Type
Main
Information
Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy , First View , pp. 1 - 17
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies

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