Avicenna refers on a number of occasions in his Book of the Syllogism to “the eminent later scholar” (al-fā[ddotu]il min al-muta'a[hbrevu][hbrevu]irī). At least three recent studies have argued or assumed that this eminent later scholar is Alexander of Aphrodisias. It is argued in this article that Avicenna is in fact referring to Alfarabi. This has consequences for reconstructing the lost first part of Alfarabi's Great Commentary on the Prior Analytics, for highlighting certain aspects of Alfarabi's logical doctrines, and for understanding more about the relation between Avicenna and Alfarabi in matters logical.