Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 July 2016
In many practical circumstances in aeronauticalengineering and in related industries, flows arisewhere concentrated streamwise vorticity is embeddedwithin a turbulent shear flow. The juxtaposition ofthese features makes such flows particularlychallenging to compute using CFD methods. Inparticular, one may be forced to abandon strategiesfor modelling the turbulent stresses that proveadequate in two dimensional shear flows (i.e. inflows where the vorticity vector is orthogonal tothe mean velocity). The paper reviews developmentsin modelling turbulent stresses from their transportequations (rather than by appeal to an eddyviscosity hypothesis) and demonstrates, by way of arange of examples, the capabilities of this approachfor handling flows with concentrated streamwisevorticity.