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Role of pylon-induced vortex structures on the flame stabilisation mechanism of supersonic pylon-cavity flameholder
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 September 2025
Abstract
The role of pylon-induced vortex structures on flame stabilisation within a supersonic pylon-cavity flameholder is numerically investigated. The study examines how the fuel jet interacts with the vortices produced by three distinct pylon-cavity flameholder geometries labelled as P0, P1 and P2. P0 represents the pyramidal-shaped baseline pylon configuration, whereas P1 and P2 consist of parallel and slanted grooves on the pylon slant surfaces with respect to the supersonic crossflow for the generation of instream vortices. The selection criteria for P1 and P2 are based on reduced effective blockage area compared with P0. The inlet flow Mach number used for the investigation is 2.2. A sonic 
${{\rm{H}}_2}$ fuel injection at 2.5 bar and 250 K is used for all the test cases. Steady RANS reactive flow simulations are used for the assessments. An 18-step Jachimowski chemical kinetic scheme is used to model 
${{\rm{H}}_2}$-air reaction mechanism. The flowfield structures within the pylon-cavity flameholder are categorised into two, (i) pylon-cavity geometry-induced vortex structures (II, III, and IV) and (ii) fuel jet vortex pairs (FJVP and SFJVP). The study shows that the interaction between these two decides the reactant mixture formation within the flameholder and the flame stabilisation. This study identifies four different flame-holding locations – L1, L2, L3, and L4 – and their strength depends on the pylon configuration. Overall the P2 configuration is found to perform better than the others in terms of high heat release magnitude and flame spread within the combustor.
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- © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Aeronautical Society
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