The decision to use atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been considered the most important – and perhaps most controversial - event in twentieth-century history. It ushered in many of the major developments of our time: the end of World War II, the beginning of the atomic age, the establishment of the American world order, and the start of the Cold War arms race. Kenneth B. Pyle illuminates both the complexities of the event itself and the debates among historians that continue today, as they wrestle with the moral issues of the decision, its necessity and its alternatives. While producing no final resolution to the controversy, historians have nevertheless advanced and deepened our understanding of this event. This accessible and thought-provoking analysis is a case study in the intricate nature of the historian's craft and a reminder of the value of historians in a free society.

‘An accessible and insightful study of America's 1945 decision to drop atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the controversies related to it, but also an illuminating exploration of the nature of historical study and the continuing importance of the historical method in the face of contemporary challenges.’

Janet Hunter - London School of Economics

‘Using as case studies the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Pyle reminds us that historiography is a narrative woven within social, political, and cultural frameworks, if not constraints. Based upon thorough research, earnest teaching experiences, and acknowledgement of a view of history as an “ideological product,” Pyle’s book examines and carries moral gravity of historians in making interpretations, in particular, of contested historical events.’

Yuki Miyamoto - DePaul University

‘As he deftly navigates the evolving controversies surrounding the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Pyle poignantly reminds us how integral historians are to any free society. Pitched to a general audience, this impeccably researched, engrossing study is an intellectual gold mine for scholars as well. A pleasure to read!’

Patricia Maclachlan - University of Texas, Austin

‘… readers will gain much by engaging with ‘Hiroshima and the Historians’ and its focus on the atomic bombing decision as a case study of how generations of historians interpret and re-interpret the past.… Pyle’s book worked exceedingly well in a course for students with diverse interests in history… Based on my professional experience using Pyle’s book in the classroom, this reviewer enthusiastically endorses [the book] for not only university-level students of history but also readers from all perspectives and academic fields who seek to better appreciate the thinking that shapes the historian’s craft.’

Lee K. Pennington Source: Society for US Intellectual History

‘Pyle’s fascinating and important book should be read not just by historians researching Japan and/or the Second World War. It should be read by everyone.’

Leo van Bergen Source: Medicine, Conflict and Survival

‘Drawing on years of teaching, this concise book offers an accessible and reflective overview of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings at the end of WW II … Pyle raises key questions about the moral responsibility of historians, the inevitability of their differing perspectives, and the role of the search for truth in their work. He also examines the interplay among memory, narrative, and evidence in shaping historical accounts. Without offering definitive answers, Pyle invites readers to join in this intellectual exploration - a valuable experiment that encourages reflection, debate, and a deeper engagement with the complexities of history. It is also a valuable read for students and instructors of modern Japanese history … Recommended.’

Q. E. Wang Source: Choice