
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
- Online publication date:
- December 2014
- Print publication year:
- 2014
- Online ISBN:
- 9780511998065
The world is currently experiencing unprecedented global change, with population increase, urbanisation, climate change and environmental degradation combining to make management of freshwater resources a critical policy focus of the twenty-first century. This timely book designs and develops an original, analytical framework for water law reform processes, using case studies across four jurisdictions. Addressing the four principal areas of water law - integrated water resource management (IWRM) and river basin planning, water rights and allocation, water pollution and quality, and water services - this book provides a comprehensive study of water law, within the context of global and regional policy agendas. Case studies from England, Scotland, South Africa and Queensland, Australia, are presented, providing comparators from both common law and mixed jurisdictions, from the northern and southern hemispheres, and from developed and developing countries. A legislative framework is proposed for water law reform processes, and the consequences of different reform options are considered and investigated. A valuable resource for academics and graduate students in environmental law, resource management, hydrology and social science, this book is also highly relevant to policymakers, NGOs and legal practitioners.
Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (UN/ECE) (Aarhus) 38 ILM (1999) 517.
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (UN) 31 ILM (1992) 818.
Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (UN) (1966) UNTS Vol.993 3.
Convention on Elimination of Discrimination against Women (UN) (1979) UNTS Vol.1249 13.
Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses (UN) 36 ILM (1997) 700.
Convention on the Rights of the Child (UN) (1989) UNTS Vol.1577 3.
Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (UN) (Ramsar) 11 ILM (1972) 963.
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (1950) 213 UNTS 221.
Revised Protocol on Shared Watercourses in the SADC Region 40 ILM (2001) 321.
Treaty of Union 22 July 1706.
UN (1972) Declaration of the UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm) A/CONF/48/14/REV.1.
UN (1977) Report of the UN Water Conference (Mar del Plata) E/CONF.70/2.9.
UN (1992) Declaration of the UN Conference on Environment and Development (Rio) A/CONF.151/26.
UN (1992a) Agenda 21: An Agenda for the 21st Century A/Conf. 152/126.
UN (2002) Report of the World Summit on Sustainable Development Incorporating the Johannesburg Declaration and Plan of Implementation (Johannesburg) A/Conf.199/20.
UN (2012) Report of the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) ‘The Future We Want’ A/CONF.216/L.1.
UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2002) General Comment No. 15 on the Right to Water E/C.12/2002/11.
UN General Assembly (2000) Millennium Declaration A/RES/55/2.
UN General Assembly (2009) Report of the Independent Expert on the Issue of Human Rights Obligations Related to Access to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation A/HRC/12/24.
UN General Assembly (2010) Report of the Independent Expert on the Issue of Human Rights Obligations Related to Access to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation A/HRC/15/31.
UN General Assembly (2010a) GA/10967 available at http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2010/ga10967.doc.htm (Accessed 27/03/2014).
UN General Assembly (2013) Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Human Right to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation, Catarina de Albuquerque A/HRC/24/44.
UN General Assembly Resolution (2010) The Human Right to Water and Sanitation A/64/L.63/Rev.1.
UN Human Rights Council Resolution (2010) Access to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation A/HRC/15/L.4.
Directive 1976/160/EEC Concerning the Quality of Bathing Water.
Directive 1976/464/EEC on Water Pollution by Dangerous Substances.
Directive 1979/409/EEC on the Conservation of Wild Birds.
Directive 1980/68/EEC on the Protection of Groundwater against Pollution.
Directive 1980/778/EEC on the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption.
Directive 86/278/EEC on the Protection of the Environment, and in Particular of the Soil, when Sewage Sludge is used in Agriculture.
Directive 1991/271/EC Concerning Urban Waste Water Treatment.
Directive 1991/676/EEC Concerning the Protection of Waters against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources.
Directive 1992/43/EC on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and Wild Flora and Fauna.
Directive 1996/61/EC Concerning Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control.
Directive 1998/83/EC on the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption.
Directive 2000/60/EC Establishing a Framework for Community Action in the Field of Water Policy.
Directive 2000/60/EC Framework Directive for Water Policy.
Directive 2001/42/EC on the Assessment of the Effects of Plans and Programmes on the Environment.
Directive 2003/35/EC Providing for Public Participation in Respect of the Drawing up of Certain Plans and Programmes Relating to the Environment.
Directive 2003/4/EC on Public Access to Environmental Information.
Directive 2006/11/EC on Pollution Caused by Certain Dangerous Substances Discharged into the Aquatic Environment of the Community.
Directive 2006/113/EC on the Quality Required of Shellfish Waters.
Directive 2006/118/EC on the Protection of Groundwater against Pollution and Deterioration.
Directive 2006/44/EC on the Quality of Fresh Waters Needing Protection or Improvement in Order to Support Fish Life.
Directive 2006/7/EC Concerning the Management of Bathing Water Quality.
Directive 2007/60/EC on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks.
Directive 2008/1/EC Concerning Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control.
Directive 2008/56/EC Establishing a Framework for Community Action in the Field of Marine Environmental Policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive).
Directive 2008/105/EC on Environmental Quality Standards in the Field of Water Policy.
Directive 2009/128/EC Establishing a Framework for Community Action to Achieve the Sustainable Use of Pesticides.
Directive 2009/147/EC on the Conservation of Wild Birds.
Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emissions (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control).
Directive 2011/92/EU on the Assessment of the Effects of Certain Public and Private Projects on the Environment.
Directive 2013/39/EU as regards Priority Substances in the Field of Water Policy.
Recommendation (2002/413/EC) Concerning the Implementation of Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Europe.
Regulation EC/1107/2009 Concerning the Placing of Plant Protection Products on the Market.
Regulation EC/1907/2006 Concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals.
Regulation EC/73/2009 Establishing Common Rules for Direct Support Schemes for Farmers under the Common Agricultural Policy and Establishing Certain Support Schemes for Farmers.
Constitution of Australia Act 1900 63 and 64 Vict. c.12.
Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (Cwlth) Act 1999 No.91.
Great Barrier Reef and Marine Parks (Cwlth) Act 1975 No.85.
Water (Cwlth) Act 2007 No.137.
Water Amendment (Cwlth) Act 2008 No.139.
Water Efficiency Labelling and Standards (Cwlth) Act 2005 No.4.
Intergovernmental Agreement (2013) between the Commonwealth and States on Implementing Water Reform in the Murray–-Darling Basin available at http://www.coag.gov.au/node/506 (Accessed 16/04/2014).
Commonwealth of Australia Water Act 2007 Basin Plan 2012 F2012L02240.
City of Brisbane (Qld) Act 2010 No.23.
Coastal Protection and Management (Qld) Act 1995 No.41.
Constitution of Queensland Act 2001 No.80.
Disaster Management (Qld) Act 2003 No.93.
Environment Protection (Qld) Act 1994 No.62.
Environmental Offsets (Qld) Bill 2014.
Environmental Protection (Greentape Reduction) and Other Legislation Amendment (Qld) Act 2012 No.16.
Government Owned Corporations (Qld) Act 1993 No.38.
Land Titles (Qld) Act 1994 No.11.
Land, Water and Other Legislation Amendment (Qld) Act 2013 No.23.
Local Government (Qld) Act 2009 No.17.
Marine Parks (Qld) Act 2004 No.31.
New South Wales–Queensland Border Rivers (Qld) Act 1946 11 Geo.6 No.16.
Ombudsman (Qld) Act 2001 No.73.
Plumbing and Drainage and Other Legislation Amendment (Qld) Act 2005 No.39.
Public Health (Qld) Act 2005 No.48.
Queensland Competition Authority (Qld) Act 1997 No.25.
Right to Information (Qld) Act 2009 No.13.
South East Queensland Water (Distribution and Retail Restructuring) (Qld) Act 2009 No.46.
South East Queensland Water (Distribution and Retail Restructuring) (Qld) Act 2012 No.1.
South East Queensland Water (Restructuring) (Qld) Act 2007 No. 58.
South East Queensland Water (Restructuring) and Other Legislation Amendment (Qld) Act 2012 No.39.
State Development and Public Works (Qld) Act 1971 No.55.
Sustainable Planning (Qld) Act 2009 No.36.
Waste Reduction and Recycling (Qld) Act 2011 No.31.
Water (Commonwealth Powers) (Qld) Act 2008 No. 58.
Water (Qld) Act 2000 No.34.
Water Amendment (Qld) Act 2006 No.23.
Water and Other Legislation Amendment (Qld) Act 2010 No.53.
Water and Other Legislation Amendment (Qld) Act 2011 No. 40.
Water Efficiency Labelling and Standards (Qld) Act 2005 No.69.
Water Fluoridation (Qld) Act 2008 No.12.
Water Supply (Safety and Reliability) (Qld) Act 2008 No.34.
Wild Rivers (Qld) Act 2005 No.42.
Environmental Protection (Water) Amendment Policy (No.2) 2013 SL No.272.
Environmental Protection (Water) Policy 1997 SL No.136.
Environmental Protection (Water) Policy 2009 SL No.178.
Environmental Protection Regulation 2008 SL No.370.
Local Government Regulation 2012 SL No.236.
Public Health Regulation 2005 SL No.281.
Queensland Competition Regulation 2007 SL No.207.
Sustainable Planning Regulation 2009 SL No.280.
Water Amendment Policy (No.2) 2013 SL No.272.
Water Regulation 2002 SL No.70.
Water (Transitional) Regulation 2012 SL No.242.
Water Resource (Condamine and Balonne) Plan 2004 SL No.151.
Water Resource (Gold Coast) Plan 2006 SL No.321.
Constitution of South Africa Act 1996 No.108.
Disaster Management Act 2002 No.57.
Distribution of Revenue Act 2013 No.2.
Integrated Coastal Management Act 2008 No.24.
Marine Living Resources Act 1998 No.18.
Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 2002 No.28.
Municipal Finance Management Act 2003 No.56.
Municipal Systems Act 2000 No.32.
Municipal Systems Act 2003 No.44.
National Environmental Management (Waste Management) Act 2008 No.59.
National Environmental Management Act 1998 No.107.
National Environmental Management Amendment Act 2003 No.46.
National Environmental Management Amendment Act 2004 No.8.
National Environmental Management Environmental Laws Amendment Act 2008 No.44.
National Health Act 2003 No.61.
National Water Act 1998 No.36.
Promotion of Access to Information Act 2000 Act No.2.
Public Finance Management Act 1999 No.1.
Public Finance Management Act 1999 No.29.
South African National Water Resources Infrastructure Agency Limited Bill 2008 B36–2008.
Water Services Act 1997 No.108.
Establishment of the Water Management Areas as a Component of the National Water Resource Strategy: General Notice No.1160 of 1999.
General Authorisation in Terms of Section 39 of the National Water Act: General Notice No.399 of 2004.
General Authorisation in Terms of Section 39 of the National Water Act: General Notice No.1199 of 2009.
General Authorisation in Terms of Section 39 of the National Water Act: General Notice No.665 of 2013.
National Water Policy Review General Notice No.888 of 2013.
Norms and Tariffs in Respect of Water Services Regulation No.652 of 2001.
Regulations for the Establishment of a Water Resource Classification System No.810 of 2010.
Regulations in Terms of the National Environmental Management Act Nos.385, 386, 387 of 2006.
Regulations on Financial Assistance to Resource Poor Farmers No.1036 of 2007.
Regulations Relating to Compulsory National Standards and Measures to Conserve Water No.509 of 2001.
Regulations Requiring that a Water Use be Registered No.1352 of 1999.
Water Services Provider Contract Regulations No.980 of 2002.
Draft General Authorisation in Terms of Section 39 of the National Water Act General Notice No.288 of 2012.
Draft Technical Regulations for Petroleum Exploration and Exploitation General Notice 1032 of 2013.
Competition Act 1998 c.41.
Control of Pollution Act 1974 c.40.
Electricity Act 1989 c.29.
Enterprise Act 2002 c.40.
Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 c.24.
Environment Act 1995 c.25.
Environmental Protection Act 1990 c.43.
European Communities Act 1972 c.68.
Floods and Water Management Act 2010 c.29.
Human Rights Act 1998 c.42.
Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 c.23.
Reservoirs Act 1975 c.23.
Scotland Act 1998 c.46.
Scotland Act 2012 c.11.
Utilities Act 2000 c.27.
Water (Fluoridation) Act 1985 c.63.
Water Act 1989 c.15.
Water Act 2003 c.37.
Water Bill 2013 Bill No.82.
Marine Strategy Regulations SI 2010/1627.
Water Environment (Water Framework Directive) (Northumbria RBD) Regulations SI 2003/3245.
Water Environment (Water Framework Directive) (Solway Tweed RBD) Regulations SI 2004/99.
Highways Act 1980 c.66.
Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 c.15.
Water Industry Act 1991 c.36.
Water Resources Act 1963 c.38.
Water Resources Act 1991 c.57.
Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules SI 2013/262.
Drought Plans Regulations SI 2005/1905.
Environmental Assessment of Plans and Programmes Regulations SI 2004/1663.
Environmental Civil Sanctions (England) Order SI 2010/1157.
Environmental Information Regulations SI 2004/3391.
Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations SI 2010/675.
Flood Risk Regulations SI 2009/3042.
Nitrate Pollution Prevention Regulations SI 2008/2349.
Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations SI 2011/1824.
Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and Wales) Regulations SI 1994/2841.
Water Environment (Water Framework Directive) (England and Wales) Regulations SI 2003/3242.
Water Industry (Charges) (Vulnerable Groups) Regulations SI 1999/3441.
Water Industry (Prescribed Conditions) Regulations SI 1999/3422, SI 2007/2457.
Water Industry (Schemes for Adoption of Private Sewers) Regulations SI 2011/1566.
Water Resources (Abstraction and Impounding) Regulations SI 2006/641.
Water Resources (Control of Pollution) (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) (England) Regulations SI 2010/639, 2010/1091.
Water Supply and Sewerage Services (Customer Service Standards) Regulations SI 1989/1159.
Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations SI 1999/1148.
Water Use (Temporary Bans) Order SI 2010/2231.
Act of Union with England 1707 c.7.
Environmental Assessment (Scotland) Act 2005 asp.15.
Flood Risk Management (Scotland) Act 2009 asp.6.
Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002 asp.13.
Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003 asp.2.
Local Government (Scotland) Act 1994 c.39.
Marine (Scotland) Act 2010 asp.5.
Natural Heritage (Scotland) Act 1991 c.28.
Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act 2010 asp.8.
Reservoirs (Scotland) Act 2011 asp.9.
Roads (Scotland) Act 1984 c.54.
Scottish Public Services Ombudsman Act 2002 asp.11.
Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 c.47.
Water (Scotland) Act 1980 c.45.
Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003 asp.3.
Water Industry (Scotland) Act 2002 asp.3.
Water Resources (Scotland) Act 2013 asp.5.
Regulatory Reform (Scotland) Bill 2013 SP Bill 26 Session 4.
Act of Sederunt (Rules of the Court of Session Amendment) (Protective Expenses Orders in Environmental Appeals and Judicial Reviews) SSI 2013/81.
Action Programme for Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2008/298.
Environmental Information (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2004/520.
Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2012/360.
Private Water Supplies (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2006/209.
Silage, Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2003/531.
Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2011/139.
Urban Waste Water Treatment (Scotland) Regulations SI 1994/2842.
Waste Management Licensing (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2011/228.
Water Environment (Consequential and Savings Provisions) (Scotland) Order SSI 2006/181.
Water Environment (Controlled Activities) (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2005/348.
Water Environment (Controlled Activities) (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2011/209.
Water Environment (Diffuse Pollution) (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2008/54.
Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2006/133.
Water Environment (Register of Protected Areas) (Scotland) Regulations SSI 2004/516.
Water Environment (Relevant Enactments and Designation of Responsible Authorities and Functions) (Scotland) Order SSI 2011/368.
Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order SI No.2006/1054.
Water Services etc. (Scotland) Act 2005 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order SI 2005/3172.
Water Supply (Water Quality) (Scotland) Regulations SI 1990/119.
Water Byelaws (Scotland) 2004 available at http://www.scottishwater.co.uk/business/our-services/compliance/water-byelaws/water-byelaws-documents (Accessed 27/03/2014).
Aguas del Tunari S.A. v Republic of Bolivia (ICSID Case No. ARB/02/3).
Albion Water Ltd v Dwr Cymru Cyfyngedig [2013] CAT 16.
Albion Water Ltd v Water Services Regulation Authority (Dwr Cymru/Shotton Paper) [2006] CAT 23, [2008] EWCA Civ 536, [2008] UKCLR 457.
Albion Water Ltd v Water Services Regulation Authority and Dwr Cymru Cyfyngedig, United Utilities Water PLC intervening [2008] CAT 31.
Alphacell v Woodward [1972] AC 824.
AXA General Insurance Limited and Others (Appellants) v The Lord Advocate and Others (Respondents) (Scotland) [2011] UKSC 46.
Beja and Others v Premier of the Western Cape and Others (2011) Case No. 21332/10.
Biwater Gauff (Tanzania) Limited v United Republic of Tanzania (ICSID Case No. ARB/05/22) (Award: 24 July 2008).
Catscratch Ltd No.2 v Glasgow City Licensing Board 2002 SLT 503.
Colquhoun’s Trustees v Orr Ewing (1877) 4R HL 116.
Compañía de Aguas del Aconquija S.A. and Vivendi Universal S.A. v Argentine Republic (ICSID Case No. ARB/97/3) (Award: 20 August 2007).
Crown Estates Cssnrs. v Fairlie Yacht Slip Ltd. 1979 SC 156.
Empress Car Co Ltd. v National Rivers Authority [1999] 2 AC 22.
European Commission v Germany C-525/12 (Action brought 19 November 2012).
European Commission v UK [1992] ECR I-6103 C-337/89.
European Commission v UK [1999] ECR I-2023 C-340/96.
European Commission v UK [2013], [2014] ECR 0000 C-530/11.
Fish Legal (and another) v The Information Commissioner, United Utilities, Yorkshire Water and Southern Water Case C-279/12.
Fish Legal v IC [2012] UKUT 177 (AAC).
Fredin v Sweden (1991) 13 EHRR 784.
Harmony Gold Mining Company Ltd v Regional Director: Free State Department of Water Affairs (971/12) [2013] ZASCA 206.
Jacobsson v Sweden (1990) 12 EHRR.
Lord Advocate v Clyde Navigation Trustees (1891) 19R 174.
Manquele v Durban Transitional Metropolitan Council Case No. 2036/2000.
Marcic v Thames Water PLC [2004] 1 All ER 135.
Mazibuko v City of Johannesburg (39/09) [2009] ZACC 28.
McColl v Strathclyde Regional Council 1983 SC 225.
Mellacher v Austria (1990) 12 EHRR 391.
Minister for the Environment and Heritage v Queensland Conservation Council Inc. [2004] FCAFC 190.
Nokotanya and Others v Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality and Others (31/09) [2009] ZACC 33.
Price v Cromack [1975] 1 WLR 988.
Pyle v Gilbert (1980) 245 Ga. 403, 265 S.E.2d 584.
R (Edwards & Pallikaropoulos) v. Environment Agency and Others [2012], [2013] C-260/11.
R v Director of Water Services ex p Lancashire County Council and Others [1999] EnvLR 114.
R v Secretary of State for the Environment ex parte Friends of the Earth [1995] EnvLR 11.
Shetland Salmon Farmers Association v Crown Estates Cssnrs 1991 SLT 166.
Smartsource v IC and a Group of 19 additional water companies [2010] UKUT 415 (AAC).
The Scottish Environment Protection Agency and Others (Reclaimers) [2013] CSIH 108.
Walton (Appellant) v The Scottish Ministers (Respondent) (Scotland) [2012] UKSC 44.
Wills Trustees v Cairngorm Canoeing Club 1976 SLT 162.
* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.
Usage data cannot currently be displayed.
Accessibility compliance for the PDF of this book is currently unknown and may be updated in the future.