The period from the Mamlūk reconquest of Acre (1291) to the Ottoman siege of Constantinople (1453) witnessed the production of a substantial corpus of Middle English crusade romances. Marcel Elias places these romances in dialogue with multifarious European writings to offer a novel account of late medieval crusade culture: as ambivalent and self-critical, animated by tensions and debates, and fraught with anxiety. These romances uphold ideals of holy war while expressing anxieties about issues as diverse as God's endorsement of the crusading enterprise, the conversion of Christians to Islam, the sinfulness of crusaders, and the morality of violence. Reinvigorating debates in medieval postcolonialism, drawing on emotion studies, and excavating a rich multilingual archive, this book is a major contribution to the cultural history of the crusades. This title is part of the Flip it Open programme and may also be available open access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.

‘Recommended.’

A. L. Kaufman Source: Choice

‘Meticulously researched and tersely argued … speaks to current, urgent conversations about the longer histories of racial and religious chauvinism as they inflect over time and foregrounds tactical and affective responses to centuries of crusading attrition and loss.… will interest medievalists working on race, affect studies, and English crusade literature, and its capacious linguistic range of meticulously researched manuscripts and texts will also appeal more broadly to European historians of cultural encounter. It also dialogues with scholars working on postcolonial literature, decoloniality, and the longer histories of emotions, and will open up new avenues for nuanced transdisciplinary conversation.’

Christine Chism Source: Modern Philology

‘Based on a secure understanding of wider events in the world of crusading … making good use of the wider debates about crusading strategy that were being stirred across Europe [and] firmly rooted in the evidence from the texts… [this book] pays welcome attention to the anxieties… expressed about the legitimacy of violence at a time when crusaders were rarely achieving their objectives.’

David Abulafia Source: Times Literary Supplement

‘There is much to praise here. Elias demonstrates a close and thoughtful sensitivity to [his] sources, centred on a clear intent to listen to what these authors are saying … Most importantly, Elias’ overall thesis is plausible. He is very persuasive in his contention that during the period 1291-1453 the culture of crusading in the kingdom of England can be characterised by ‘anxiety’, albeit expressed in various different forms and played out along a range of vectors … In short, this is a very important contribution to a rich topic.’

Nicholas Morton Source: Journal of Religious History, Literature and Culture

‘… offers a rich, innovative analysis of European crusade discourse … will be of interest to both literary scholars and historians.’

Dr Nicholas Morton Source: Journal of Religious History, Literature, and Culture