Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-54dcc4c588-br6xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-12T07:17:57.023Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 September 2025

Alex P. Jassen
Alex P. Jassen
Affiliation:
New York University
Get access

Information

Type
Chapter
Information
Violence, Power, and Society in the Dead Sea Scrolls , pp. 237 - 266
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Book purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Abbink, Jon. “Preface: Violation and Violence as Cultural Phenomena.” In Meanings of Violence: A Cross Cultural Perspective, edited by Abbink, Jon, xi−xvii. Oxford: Berg, 2000.Google Scholar
Abegg, Martin. “Who Ascended to Heaven? 4Q491, 4Q427, and the Teacher of Righteousness.” In Eschatology, Messianism, and the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Evans, Craig A. and Flint, Peter, 61–73. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997.Google Scholar
Aberbach, David. National Poetry, Empires and War. New York: Routledge, 2015.Google Scholar
Afzal, Saima and Stiebert, Johanna, eds., Marriage, Bible, Violence: Intersections and Impacts. New York: Routledge, 2024.Google Scholar
Alexander, Philip S., and Vermes, Geza. “4Q285: Sefer Ha-Milḥamah.” In Qumran Cave 4.XXVI: Cryptic Texts and Miscellanea, Part 1, edited by Pfann, Stephen, 228–46. Discoveries in the Judean Desert 36. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Alexander, Philip S. “The Evil Empire: The Qumran Eschatological War Cycle and the Origins of Jewish Opposition to Rome.” In Emanuel: Studies in Hebrew Bible, Septuagint, and Dead Sea Scrolls in Honor of Emanuel Tov, edited by Paul, Shalom, Kraft, Robert, Schiffman, Lawrence H., and Fields, Weston W., 17–31. Leiden: Brill, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, Philip S. “The Redaction-History of Serekh Ha-Yahad: A Proposal.” Revue de Qumran 17 (1996): 437−56.Google Scholar
Allegro, John. “Broadcast Talk.” BBC Northern Home Service, January 23, 1956.Google Scholar
Amihay, Aryeh. Theory and Practice in Essene Law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Amoussine, J. D. “Éphraïm et Manassé Dans Le Péshèr de Nahum.” Revue de Qumran 4 (1963): 389–96.Google Scholar
Anderson, Jeff S. “From ‘Communities of Texts’ to Religious Communities: Problems and Pitfalls.” In Enoch and Qumran Origins: New Light on a Forgotten Connection, edited by Boccaccini, Gabriele, 351–55. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1998.Google Scholar
Angel, Joseph L. Otherworldly and Eschatological Priesthood in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Leiden: Brill, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anthony, Dick, and Robbins, Thomas. “The Effect of Detente on the Growth of New Religions: Reverend Moon and the Unification Church.” In Understanding the New Religions, edited by Needelman, Jacob and Baker, George, 80–100. New York: Seabury, 1978.Google Scholar
Anthony, Dick, Robbins, Thomas, and Barrie-Anthony, Steven. “Reciprocal Totalism: The Toxic Interdependence of Anticult and Cult Violence.” In Violence and New Religious Movements, edited by Lewis, James R., 63–94. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aptowitzer, Victor. “The Heavenly Temple in the Agada.” Tarbiz 2 (1931): 137–53, 257–87 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Atkins, Christopher. “The Persona of the Teacher: A Qualified Endorsement of the Teacher Hymn Hypothesis.” In Emerging Sectarianism in the Dead Sea Scrolls: Continuity, Separation, and Conflict, edited by Collins, John J. and Geyser-Fouché, Ananda, 342–64. Leiden: Brill, 2022.Google Scholar
Atkinson, Kenneth. “The Identification of the ‘Wicked Priest’ Reconsidered: The Case for Hyrcanus II.” In Sibyls, Scriptures, and Scrolls: John Collins at Seventy, edited by Baden, Joel, Najman, Hindy, and Tigchelaar, Eibert J. C., 68–84. Leiden: Brill, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atkinson, Kenneth. “Representations of History in 4Q331 (4Qpaphistorical Text C), 4Q332 (4QHistorical Text D), 4Q333 (4QHistorical Text E), and 4Q468E (4QHistorical Text F): An Annalistic Calendar Documenting Portentous Events?” Dead Sea Discoveries 14 (2007): 125–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avalos, Hector. Fighting Words: The Origins of Religious Violence. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2005.Google Scholar
Babota, Vasile. “Alexander Janneus as High Priest and King: Struggling between Jewish and Hellenistic Concepts of Rule.” Religions 11 (2020): 1–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baillet, Maurice. Qumran Grotte 4, III (4Q482–4Q520). Discoveries in the Judean Desert 7. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Bainbridge, William Sims. The Sociology of Religious Movements. New York: Routledge, 1996.Google Scholar
Bar-Asher Siegel, Elitzur. “Who Separated from Whom and Why: A Philological Study of 4QMMT.” Revue de Qumran 25 (2011): 229–56.Google Scholar
Barker, Eileen. “Religious Movements: Cult and Anticult since Jonestown.” Annual Review of Sociology 12 (1986): 329–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barkun, Michael, ed. Millennialism and Violence. London and Portland, OR: F. Cass, 1996.Google Scholar
Barkun, Michael, Religion and the Racist Right: The Origins of the Christian Identity Movement. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Bar-Tal, Daniel. Intractable Conflicts: Socio-Psychological Foundations and Dynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bar-Tal, Daniel. “The Masada Syndrome: A Case of Central Belief.” In Stress and Coping in Time of War: Generalizations from the Israeli Experience, edited by Milgram, Norman A., 32–51. New York: Bruner/Mazel, 1986.Google Scholar
Bar-Tal, Daniel. Shared Beliefs in a Society: Social Psychological Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2000.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bar-Tal, Daniel, and Antebi, Dikla. “Siege Mentality in Israel.” International Journal of Intercultural Relations 16 (1992): 251–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bar-Tal, Daniel, Chernyak-Hai, Lily, Schori, Noa, and Gundar, Ayelet. “A Sense of Self-Perceived Collective Victimhood in Intractable Conflicts.” International Review of the Red Cross 91 (2009): 229–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bar-Tal, Daniel, and Hammack, Phillip L. Jr., “Conflict, Delegitimization, and Violence.” In The Oxford Handbook of Intergroup Conflict, edited by Tropp, Linda R., 29–52. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batsch, Christophe. La guerre et les rites de guerre dans le judaïsme du deuxième Temple. Leiden: Brill, 2005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Batsch, Christophe. “Le ‘Pacifisme Des Esséniens’, Un Mythe Historiographique.” Revue de Qumran 31 (2004): 457–68.Google Scholar
Batsch, Christophe. “Priests in Warfare in Second Temple Judaism: 1QM, or the Anti-Phinehas.” In Qumran Cave 1 Revisited: Texts from Cave 1 Sixty Years after Their Discovery. Proceedings of the Sixth Meeting of the IOQS in Ljubljana, edited by Falk, Daniel, Metso, Sarianna, and Parry, Donald, 165–78. Leiden: Brill, 2010.Google Scholar
Bauckham, Richard. “The Book of Revelation as a Christian War Scroll.” Neotestamentica 22 (1988): 17–40.Google Scholar
Baumgarten, Albert I. The Flourishing of Jewish Sects in the Maccabean Era: An Interpretation. Leiden: Brill, 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumgarten, Albert I. “The Name of the Pharisees.” Journal of Biblical Literature 103 (1983): 417–22.Google Scholar
Baumgarten, Albert I. “Who Cares and Why Does It Matter? Qumran and the Essenes, Once Again!” Dead Sea Discoveries 11 (2004): 174–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumgarten, Joseph M. “The Essenes and the Temple: A Reappraisal.” In Studies in Qumran Law, by Baumgarten, Joseph M., 57–74. Leiden: Brill, 1977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumgarten, Joseph M. “The Exclusion of ‘Netinim” and Proselytes in 4Q Florilegium.” In Studies in Qumran Law, by Baumgarten, Joseph M., 75–85. Leiden: Brill, 1977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumgarten, Joseph M. “Sacrifice and Worship among the Jewish Sectarians of the Dead Sea (Qumran) Scrolls.” In Studies in Qumran Law, by Baumgarten, Joseph M., 39–56. Leiden: Brill, 1977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumgarten, Joseph M. “The ‘Sons of Dawn’ in CDC 13:14–15 and the Ban on Commerce among the Essenes.” Israel Exploration Journal 33 (1983): 81–85.Google Scholar
Beall, Todd S. Josephus’ Description of the Essenes Illustrated by the Dead Sea Scrolls. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, Howard S. Outsider: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. New York: The Free Press, 1973.Google Scholar
Beckford, James A. “The Mass Media and New Religious Movements.” In New Religious Movements: Challenge and Response, edited by Wilson, Bryan and Cresswell, Jamie, 103–20. London: Routledge, 1999.Google Scholar
Jonneke, Bekkenkamp and Sherwood, Yvonne, eds. Sanctified Aggression: Legacies of Biblical and Post-Biblical Vocabularies of Violence. London: T. & T. Clark, 2003.Google Scholar
Ben-Dov, Jonathan. “The Calendar and 4QMMT.” In Interpreting and Living God’s Law at Qumran: Miqṣat Maʿaśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT) – Introduction, Text, Translation and Interpretative Essays, edited by Kratz, Reinhard G., 105–16. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020.Google Scholar
Berger, Peter. The Sacred Canopy: Elements of a Sociological Theory of Religion. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1969.Google Scholar
Berkowitz, Beth A. Execution and Invention: Death Penalty Discourse in Early Rabbinic and Christian Cultures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernat, David A. and Klawans, Jonathan, eds. Religion and Violence: The Biblical Heritage. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Bernstein, Moshe. “The Employment and Interpretation of Scripture in 4QMMT.” In Reading 4QMMT: New Perspectives on Qumran Law and History, edited by Kampen, John and Bernstein, Moshe, 29–52. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 1996.Google Scholar
Berthelot, Katell, “4QTestimonia as a Polemic against the Prophetic Claims of John Hyrcanus.” In Prophecy after the Prophets? The Contribution of the Dead Sea Scrolls to the Understanding of Biblical and Extra-Biblical Prophecy, edited by de Troyer, Kristin, Lange, Armin, and Schulte, Lucas L.. 99–118. Leuven: Peeters, 2009.Google Scholar
Berthelot, Katell, “Zeal for God and Divine Law in Philo and the Dead Sea Scrolls.” Studia Philonica Annual 19 (2007): 113–29.Google Scholar
Beyerle, Stefan, and Ruwe, Andreas. “A Comparison of the ‘Penal Code’ in the Damascus Document and in the Serekh Ha-Yaḥad from a Literary Perspective.” Dead Sea Discoveries 25 (2018): 359–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhabha, Homi. The Location of Culture. London: Routledge, 1994.Google Scholar
Bhabha, Homi. “Of Mimicry and Man: The Ambivalence of Colonial Discourse.” October 28 (1984): 125−33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bilali, Rezarta, and Ross, Michael A.. “Remembering Intergroup Conflict.” In The Oxford Handbook of Intergroup Conflict, edited by Tropp, Linda R., 123–35. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Bollinger, Robert. “The Terms ‘Assyria’ and ‘Syria’ Again.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 65 (2006): 284–87.Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boustan, Ra‘anan S., Jassen, Alex P., and Roetzel, Calvin J.. “Introduction: Violence, Scripture, and Textual Practice in Early Judaism and Christianity.” In Violence, Scripture, and Textual Practice in Early Judaism and Christianity, edited by Boustan, Ra‘anan S., Jassen, Alex P., and Roetzel, Calvin J., 1–11. Leiden: Brill, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boustan, Ra‘anan, Jassen, Alex P., and Roetzel, Calvin J., eds. Violence, Scripture, and Textual Practice in Early Judaism and Christianity. Leiden: Brill, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boustan, Ra‘anan S. “Immolating Emperors: Spectacles of Imperial Suffering and the Making of a Jewish Minority Culture in Late Antiquity.” In Violence, Scripture, and Textual Practices in Early Judaism and Christianity, edited by Boustan, Ra‘anan S., Jassen, Alex P., and Roetzel, Calvin J., 204–34. Leiden: Brill, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyarin, Daniel. Dying for God: Martyrdom and the Making of Christianity and Judaism. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bromley, David G. “Constructing Apocalypticism: Social and Cultural Elements of Radical Organization.” In Millennium, Messiahs, and Mayhem: Contemporary Apocalyptic Movements, edited by Robbins, Thomas and Palmer, Susan J., 31–46. New York: Routledge, 1997.Google Scholar
Bromley, David G. “Dramatic Denouements.” In Cults, Religion, and Violence, edited by Bromley, David G. and Gordon Melton, J., 11–41. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bromley, David G. “Violence and New Religious Movements.” In The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, edited by Lewis, James R., 143–62. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Bromley, David G., and Silver, Edward D. “The Davidian Tradition: From Patronal Clan to Prophetic Movement.” In Armageddon in Waco: Critical Perspectives on the Branch Davidian Conflict, edited by Wright, Stuart A., 43–74. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Bromley, David G., and Melton, J. Gordon, eds. Cults, Religion, and Violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bromley, David G., Shupe, Anson D., and Ventimiglia, J. C.. “Atrocity Tales, the Unification Church, and the Social Construction of Evil.” Journal of Communication 29 (1979): 42–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooke, George. Exegesis at Qumran: 4QFlorilegium in Its Jewish Context. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Brooke, George. “The Explicit Presentation of Scripture in 4QMMT: Preliminary Observations.” In Legal Texts and Legal Issues: Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the International Organization for Qumran Studies, Cambridge 1995. Published in Honour of Joseph M. Baumgarten, edited by Bernstein, Moshe, Kampen, John, and Martínez, Florentino García, 67–88. Leiden: Brill, 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooke, George. “Isaiah 40:3 and the Wilderness Community.” In New Qumran Texts and Studies: Proceedings of the First Meeting of the International Organization for Qumran Studies, Paris 1992, edited by Brooke, George J. and Martínez, Florentino García, 117–32. Leiden: Brill, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooke, George. “The Kittim and Hints of Hybridity in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In People under Power: Early Jewish and Christian Responses to the Roman Power Empire, edited by Labahn, Michael and Lehtipuu, Outi, 17–32. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brooke, George. “The Kittim in the Qumran Pesharim.” In Images of Empire, edited by Alexander, Loveday, 135–59. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Brooke, George. “The Social Sciences and the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In Scripture as Social Discourse: Social-Scientific Perspectives on Early Jewish and Christian Writings, edited by Strine, Casey, Keady, Jessica M., and Klutz, Todd M.. 125−48. London: Bloomsbury, 2018.Google Scholar
Brooke, George. “Types of Historiography in the Qumran Scrolls.” In Ancient and Modern Scriptural Historiography: L’Historiographie Biblique, Ancienne et Moderne, edited by Brooke, George J. and Römer, Thomas, 211–30. Leuven: Leuven University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Broshi, Magen. “Hatred: An Essene Religious Principle and Its Christian Consequences.” In Antikes Judentum Und Frühes Christentum: Festschrift Für Hartmut Stegemann Zum 65. Geburstag, edited by Kollmann, Bernd, 245–52. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1992.Google Scholar
Brownsmith, Esther. Gendered Violence in Biblical Narrative: The Devouring Metaphor. New York: Routledge, 2024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brownlee, William H. “Biblical Interpretation among the Sectaries of the Dead Sea Scrolls.” Biblical Archaeologist 14 (1951): 54–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brownlee, William H. “The Habakkuk Midrash and the Targum of Jonathan.” Journal of Jewish Studies 7 (1956): 169–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brownlee, William H. “The Servant of the Lord in the Qumran Scrolls I.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 132 (1953): 8–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burrows, Millar. The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Viking Press, 1955.Google Scholar
Campbell, Jonathan G. The Use of Scripture in the Damascus Document 1–8, 19–20. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2011.Google Scholar
Carmignac, Jean. “Les Citations de l’Ancien Testament Dans ‘La Guerre Des Fils de Lumière Contre Les Fils de Ténèbres.’” Revue Biblique 63 (1956): 234–60, 375–90.Google Scholar
Carmignac, Jean. “Notes Sur Les Pesharim.” Revue de Qumran 3 (1961−62): 505–38.Google Scholar
Carmignac, Jean. La Règle de La Guerre Des Fils de Lumière Contre Les Fils de Ténèbres. Paris: Letouzey et Ané, 1958.Google Scholar
Charles, R. H. The Book of Jubilees or the Little Genesis. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1902.Google Scholar
Chidester, David. Salvation and Suicide: An Interpretation of Jim Jones, the Peoples Temple, and Jonestown. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991.Google Scholar
Ćirković, Sima M. The Serbs. Translated by Vuk Tošić. Williston: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Claassens, L. Juliana. “God and Violence in the Prophets.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Prophets, edited by Sharp, Carolyn. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Clark-Soles, Jaime. Scripture Cannot Be Broken: The Social Function of the Use of Scripture in the Fourth Gospel. Leiden: Brill, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohn, Norman. The Pursuit of the Millennium: Revolutionary Millenarians and Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. “4QMMT and History.” In Interpreting and Living God’s Law at Qumran: Miqṣat Maʿaśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT) – Introduction, Text, Translation and Interpretative Essays, edited by Kratz, Reinhard G., 161–78. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. The Apocalyptic Imagination: An Introduction to Jewish Apocalyptic Literature, 3rd edition. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2016.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls. London: Routledge, 1997.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. Beyond the Qumran Community: The Sectarian Movement of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Biography. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, John J. “The Dead Sea Scrolls and the New Testament: The Case of the Suffering Servant.” In Scriptures and Sectarianism: Essays on the Dead Sea Scrolls, by Collins, John J., 257–71. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2016.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. “The Expectation of the End in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In Eschatology, Messianism and the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Evans, Craig A. and Flint, Peter M., 74–90. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. “Historiography in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” Dead Sea Discoveries 19 (2012): 159–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, John J. The Invention of Judaism: Torah and Jewish Identity from Deuteronomy to Paul. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, John J. “Mythology of Holy War in Daniel and the Qumran War Scroll: A Point of Transition in Jewish Apocalyptic.” Vetus Testamentum 25 (1975): 596–612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, John J. “Radical Religion and the Ethical Dilemmas of Apocalyptic Millenarianism.” In Radical Christian Voices and Practice: Essays in Honour of Christopher Rowland, edited by Bennett, Zoë and Gowler, David B., 87–102. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, John J. The Scepter and the Star: Messianism in Light of the Dead Sea Scrolls, 2nd edition. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.Google Scholar
Collins, John J. “The Teacher of Righteousness Revisited.” In Emerging Sectarianism in the Dead Sea Scrolls: Continuity, Separation, and Conflict, edited by Collins, John J. and Geyser-Fouché, Ananda, 292–312. Leiden: Brill, 2022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, John J. “The Zeal of Phinehas: The Bible and the Legitimation of Violence.” Journal of Biblical Literature 122 (2003): 3–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, Matthew A. The Use of Sobriquets in the Qumran Dead Sea Scrolls. London: T & T Clark, 2009.Google Scholar
Coser, Lewis A. “Some Social Functions of Violence.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 364 (1966): 8–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, Douglas E., and Bromley, David G.. Cults and New Religions: A Brief History. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2015.Google Scholar
Crawford, Sidnie White. “Frank Moore Cross’s Contribution to the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 372 (2014): 183–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawford, Sidnie White. “The Identification and History of the Qumran Community in American Scholarship.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls in Scholarly Perspective: A History of Research, edited by Dimant, Devorah, 13–29. Leiden: Brill, 2012.Google Scholar
Cross, Frank Moore. The Ancient Library of Qumran and Modern Biblical Studies. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1958.Google Scholar
Dąbrowa, Edward, “The Hasmoneans in Light of the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls Context: Integrating the Dead Sea Scrolls in the Study of Ancient Texts, Languages, and Cultures, Volume 1, edited by Lange, Armin, Tov, Emanuel, and Weigold, Matthias, 501–10. Leiden: Brill, 2011.Google Scholar
Davies, Philip R. Behind the Essenes: History and Ideology in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Davies, Philip R. “The Biblical and Qumranic Concept of War.” In The Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls, Volume One, Scripture and the Scrolls, edited by Charlesworth, James R., 209–32. Waco: Baylor University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Davies, Philip R. The Damascus Covenant: An Interpretation of the “Damascus Document.” Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Davies, Philip R. “The ‘Damascus’ Sect and Judaism.” In Sects and Scrolls: Essays on Qumran and Related Topics, by Collins, John J., 163–77. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Davies, Philip R. “Dualism and Eschatology in the Qumran War Scroll.” Vetus Testamentum 28 (1978): 28–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, Philip R. “The Ideology of the Temple in the Damascus Document.” Journal of Jewish Studies 33 (1982): 287–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, Philip R. IQM, the War Scroll from Qumran: Its Structure and History. Rome: Biblical Institute Press, 1977.Google Scholar
Davies, Philip R. “The Judaism(s) of the Damascus Document.” In The Damascus Document: A Centennial of Discovery; Proceedings of the Third International Symposium of the Orion Center for the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Associated Literature, 4–8 February, 1998, edited by Baumgarten, Joseph M., Chazon, Esther G., and Pinnick, Avital, 27–43. Leiden: Brill, 2000.Google Scholar
Davies, Philip R. “Sects from Texts: On the Problems of Doing a Sociology of the Qumran Literature.” In New Directions in Qumran Studies; Proceedings of the Bristol Colloquium on the Dead Sea Scrolls, 8–10 September 2003, edited by Campbell, Jonathan G., Lyons, William J., and Pietersen, Lloyd K., 69–85. London: T & T Clark, 2005.Google Scholar
Dawson, Lorne L. “Charismatic Leadership in Millennial Movements.” In The Oxford Handbook of Millennialism, edited by Wessinger, Catherine, 113–32. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Dawson, Lorne L. Comprehending Cults. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Dawson, Lorne L. “Crises of Charismatic Legitimacy and Violent Behavior in New Religious Movements.” In Cults, Religion, and Violence, edited by Bromley, David G. and Gordon Melton, J., 80–101. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, Lorne L., and Clarke, Peter B.. “Church-Sect-Cult: Constructing Typologies of Religious Groups.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Religion, edited by Clarke, Peter B., 525–44. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Dead Sea Scrolls: Doomsday Prophecy. Science Channel, 2020.Google Scholar
Desjardins, Michel Robert. Peace Violence and the New Testament. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.Google Scholar
De Haan, Willem. “Violence as an Essentially Contested Concept.” In Violence in Europe: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, edited by Body-Gendrot, Sophie and Spierenburg, Pieter, 27–40. New York: Springer, 2008.Google Scholar
De Vaux, Roland. Archaeology and the Dead Sea Scrolls. London: Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 1973.Google Scholar
Dimant, Devorah, “4QFlorilegium and the Idea of the Community as Temple.” In Hellenica et Judaica: Hommage à Valentin Nikiprowetzky, edited by Caquot, André, Hadas-Lebel, Mireille, and Riaud, Jean, 165–89. Leuven: Peeters, 1986.Google Scholar
Dimant, Devorah, “Israeli Scholarship on the Qumran Community.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls in Scholarly Perspective: A History of Research, edited by Dimant, Devorah, 237–80. Leiden: Brill, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dimant, Devorah, “Not Exile in the Desert but Exile in Spirit: The Pesher of Isa. 40:3 in the Rule of the Community.” Meghillot 2 (2004): 21–36 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Dimant, Devorah, “The Qumran Manuscripts: Contents and Significance.” In History, Ideology and Bible Interpretation in the Dead Sea Scrolls, by Devorah Dimant, 27–56. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dimant, Devorah, “Sectarian and Non-Sectarian Texts from Qumran: The Pertinence and Usage of a Taxonomy.” Revue de Qumran 24 (2009): 7–18.Google Scholar
Dimant, Devorah, ed. The Dead Sea Scrolls in Scholarly Perspective: A History of Research. Leiden: Brill, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DiTommaso, Lorenzo. The Dead Sea New Jerusalem Text: Contents and Contexts. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2005.Google Scholar
Dohman, Christiph. “Zur Gründung der Gemeinde von Qumran.” Revue de Qumran 11 (1982): 81–96.Google Scholar
Dorman, Johanna Helena Wilhelmina. The Blemished Body: Deformity and Disability in the Qumran Scrolls. Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit, 2007.Google Scholar
Douglas, Michael C. “Power and Praise in the Hodayot: A Literary Critical Study of 1QH 9:1–18:14.” PhD dissertation, University of Chicago, 1998.Google Scholar
Douglas, Michael C. “The Teacher Hymn Hypothesis Revisited: New Data for an Old Crux.” Dead Sea Discoveries 6 (1999): 239–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Driel, Barend van, and Richardson, James T.. “Print Media Coverage of New Religious Movements: A Longitudinal Study.” Journal of Communication 38 (1988): 37–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Driver, G. R. The Judaean Scrolls: The Problem and the Solution. Oxford: B. Blackwell, 1965.Google Scholar
Duhaime, Jean. “L’instruction Sur Les Deux Esprits et Les Interpolations Dualistes à Qumran.” Revue Biblique 84 (1977): 566–94.Google Scholar
Duhaime, Jean. “Relative Deprivation in New Religious Movements and the Qumran Community.” Revue de Qumran 16 (1993): 265–76.Google Scholar
Duhaime, Jean. “War Scroll.” In Outside the Bible: Ancient Jewish Writings Related to Scripture, Volume 3, edited by Feldman, Louis, Kugel, James L., and Schiffman, Lawrence H., 3116–51. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 2013.Google Scholar
Duhaime, Jean. “The War Scroll from Qumran and the Greco-Roman Tactical Treatises.” Revue de Qumran 13 (1988): 133–51.Google Scholar
Duhaime, Jean. The War Texts. London: T & T Clark, 2004.Google Scholar
Dupont-Sommer, André. “Le Commentaire de Nahum Découvert Près de La Mer Morte (4Qp Nah): Traduction et Notes.” Semitica 13 (1963): 55–88.Google Scholar
Dupont-Sommer, André. The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Preliminary Survey. New York: Macmillan, 1952.Google Scholar
Dupont-Sommer, André. The Essene Writings from Qumran, translated by Vermes, Geza. New York: Meridian Books, 1962.Google Scholar
Eisenman, Robert. Dead Sea Scrolls and the First Christians. Shaftesbury: Element Books Ltd., 2000.Google Scholar
Elgvin, Torleif. “The ‘Yahad’ Is More than Qumran.” In Enoch and Qumran Origins: New Light on a Forgotten Connection, edited by Boccaccini, Gabriele, 273–79. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1995.Google Scholar
Ellens, J. Harold. ed. The Destructive Power of Religion: Violence in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, 4 vols. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2004.Google Scholar
Elliger, Karl. Studien Zum Habakuk-Kommentar Vom Toten Meer. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1955.Google Scholar
Elliot, Mark Adam. “Retribution and Agency in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Teaching of Jesus.” In The Destructive Power of Religion: Violence in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, edited by Ellens, Harold J., 207–31. London: Praeger, 2004.Google Scholar
Elliott, Delbert S., Hamburg, Beatrix A., and Williams, Kirk R.. “Violence in American Schools: An Overview.” In Violence in American Schools: A New Perspective, edited by Elliott, Delbert S., Hamburg, Beatrix A., and Williams, Kirk R., 3–28. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emmert, Thomas Allan. Serbian Golgotha: Kosovo, 1389. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Erho, Ted. “The Motif of the Eschatological Battle in the War Scroll (1QM).” In Celebrating the Dead Sea Scrolls: A Canadian Contribution, edited by Flint, Peter M., Duhaime, Jean, and Baeck, Kyung S., 359–74. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.Google Scholar
Eshel, Esther. “4Q477: The Rebukes by the Overseer.” Journal of Jewish Studies 45 (1994): 111–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eshel, Hanan. “The Kittim in the War Scroll and in the Pesharim.” In Historical Perspectives: From the Hasmoneans to Bar Kokhba in Light of the Dead Sea Scrolls – Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium of the Orion Center for the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Associated Literature, 27–31 January, 1999, edited by Goodblatt, David, Pinnick, Avital, and Schwartz, Daniel, 29–44. Leiden: Brill, 2001.Google Scholar
Eshel, Hanan. “The Succession of High Priests: John Hyrcanus and His Sons in the Pesher to Joshua 6:26.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Hasmonean State, by Eshel, Hanan, 63–90. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008.Google Scholar
Esler, Philip. “Introverted Sectarianism at Qumran and in the Johannine Community.” In The First Christians in Their Social Worlds: Social-Scientific Approaches to New Testament Interpretation, by Esler, Philip, 68–88. New York: Routledge, 1993.Google Scholar
Falk, Daniel. “The Congregation of the Poor: Poverty as a Self-Designation in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In Community: Biblical and Theological Reflections in Honor of August H. Konkel, edited by Wadholm, Rick Jr. and Musy, Meghan D., 170−93. Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2022.Google Scholar
Falk, Daniel. Daily, Sabbath, and Festival Prayers in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Leiden: Brill, 2009.Google Scholar
Falk, Daniel. “Prayer, Liturgy, and War.” In The War Scroll, Violence, War and Peace in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature, edited by Davis, Kipp, Baek, Kyung S., Flint, Peter W., and Peters, Dorothy, 275–94. Leiden: Brill, 2015.Google Scholar
Fields, Weston W. Dead Sea Scrolls: A Full History. Leiden: Brill, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fletcher-Louis, Crispin H. T. All the Glory of Adam: Liturgical Anthropology in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Leiden: Brill, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, Peter, and VanderKam, James C.. The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls: Their Significance for Understanding the Bible, Judaism, Jesus, and Christianity. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 2002.Google Scholar
Flusser, David. “Apocalyptic Elements in the War Scroll.” In Judaism of the Second Temple Period, Volume 1, Qumran and Apocalypticism, by David Flusser, translated by Azzan Yadin, 140–58. Grand Rapids, MI and Jerusalem: Eerdmans, Magness Press, and Jerusalem Perspective, 2007.Google Scholar
Flusser, David. “The Eschatological Temple.” In Judaism of the Second Temple Period, Volume 1, Qumran and Apocalypticism, by Flusser, David, translated by Yadin, Azzan, 207–13. Grand Rapids, MI and Jerusalem: Eerdmans, Magness Press, and Jerusalem Perspective, 2007.Google Scholar
Flusser, David. “Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes in Pesher Nahum.” In Judaism of the Second Temple Period, Volume 1, Qumran and Apocalypticism, by Flusser, David, translated by Yadin, Azzan, 214–57. Grand Rapids, MI and Jerusalem: Eerdmans, Magness Press, and Jerusalem Perspective, 2007.Google Scholar
Flusser, David. “Two Notes on the Midrash on 2 Sam. Vii.” Israel Exploration Journal 9 (1959): 99–109.Google Scholar
Fraade, Steven. “Ancient Jewish Law and Narrative in Comparative Perspective: The Damascus Document and the Mishnah.” In Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages, by Fraade, Steven, 227–54. Leiden: Brill, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fraade, Steven. “To Whom It May Concern: 4QMMT and Its Addressee(s).” In Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages, by Fraade, Steven, 69–92. Leiden: Brill, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, Jörg. “Different Patterns of Dualistic Thought in the Qumran Library: Reflections on Their Background and History.” In Legal Texts and Legal Issues: Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the International Organization for Qumran Studies, Cambridge 1995; Published in Honour of Joseph M. Baumgarten, edited by Bernstein, Moshe and Kampen, John, 275–335. Leiden: Brill, 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friesen, Steven J. “Apocalypse and Empire.” In The Oxford Handbook of Apocalyptic Literature, edited by Collins, John J., 164–79. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Frisch, Alexandria. “The Power of Pain: A Literary Reading of the Wicked Priest’s Death(s) in 1QpHab.” In From Scrolls to Traditions: A Festschrift Honoring Lawrence H. Schiffman, edited by Miller, Stuart S., Swartz, Michael D., Fine, Steven, Grunhaus, Naomi, and Jassen, Alex P., 99–114. Leiden: Brill, 2020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frye, Richard N. “Assyria and Syria: Synonyms.” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 51 (1992): 281–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gager, John G. Kingdom and Community: The Social World of Early Christianity. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1975.Google Scholar
Galanter, Mark. Cults: Faith, Healing, and Coercion, 2nd edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gallagher, Eugene V. “Catastrophic Millennialism.” In The Oxford Handbook of Millennialism, edited by Wessinger, Catherine, 27–43. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Gallagher, Eugene V. “‘Theology Is Life and Death’: David Koresh on Violence, Persecution, and the Millennium.” In Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases, edited by Wessinger, Catherine, 82–100. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
García Martínez, Florentino. “4QMMT in a Qumran Context.” In Reading 4QMMT: New Perspectives on Qumran Law and History, edited by Kampen, John and Bernstein, Moshe, 15–28. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 1996.Google Scholar
García Martínez, Florentino. Qumran and Apocalyptic: Studies on the Aramaic Texts from Qumran. Leiden: Brill, 1992.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
García Martínez, Florentino. “The War Scroll and Related Literature: Visions of War and Tales of Peace in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In Deuterocanonical and Cognate Literature Yearbook 2010: Visions of Pace and Tales of War, edited by Beentjes, Pancratius C., 303–34. Berlin: de Gruyter, 2010.Google Scholar
García Martínez, Florentino, Tigchelaar, Eibert J. C., and van der Woude, Adam S., “11Q14. 11QSefer Ha-Milḥamah.” In Qumran Cave 11.II: (11Q2–18, 11Q20–31), 243–52. Discoveries in the Judean Desert 23. Oxford: Clarendon, 1998.Google Scholar
García Martínez, Florentino and van der Woude, Adam S., “A Groningen Hypothesis of Qumran Origins and Early History” Revue de Qumran 14 (1990): 521–41.Google Scholar
Garfinkel, Harold. “Conditions of Successful Degradation Ceremonies.” American Journal of Sociology 61 (1956): 420–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gärtner, Bertil. The Temple and the Community in Qumran and the New Testament: A Comparative Study in the Temple Symbolism of the Qumran Texts and the New Testament. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilmour, Michael J. “Delighting in the Sufferings of Others: Early Christian Schadenfreude and the Function of the Apocalypse of Peter.” Bulletin for Biblical Research 16 (2006): 129–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ginzberg, Louis. An Unknown Jewish Sect. New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1976.Google Scholar
Girard, René. “Violence in Biblical Narrative.” Philosophy and Literature 23 (1999): 387–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gmirkin, Russell. “Historical Allusions in the War Scroll.” Dead Sea Discoveries 5 (1998): 172–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gmirkin, Russell. “The War Scroll, the Hasidim, and the Maccabean Conflict.” In Dead Sea Scrolls: Fifty Years after Their Discovery: Proceedings of the Jerusalem Congress, July 20–25, 1997, edited by Schiffman, Lawrence H., Tov, Emanuel, and VanderKam, James C., 486–96. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, in collaboration with the Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, 2000.Google Scholar
Goff, Matthew J. Discerning Wisdom: The Sapiential Literature of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Leiden: Brill, 2007.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Jonathan. I Maccabees: A New Translation. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordley, Matthew E. “Psalms of Solomon as Resistance Poetry.” Journal of Ancient Judaism 9 (2018): 366–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grabbe, Lester L. “Prophecy as Inspired Biblical Interpretation: The Teacher of Righteousness and David Koresh.” In Far from Minimal: Celebrating the Work and Influence of Philip R. Davies, edited by Burns, Duncan and Rogerson, J. W., 142–50. London: Bloomsbury, 2012.Google Scholar
Graybill, Rhiannon. Texts after Terror: Rape, Sexual Violence, and the Hebrew Bible. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grintz, Yehoshua. “The People of the Yahad, the Essenes, and Beth (E)ssene.” Sinai 32 (1953): 11–43 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Grossman, Maxine. “Community Rule or Community Rules: Examining a Supplementary Approach in Light of the Sectarian Dead Sea Scrolls.” In Empirical Models Challenging Biblical Criticism, edited by Rezetko, Robert and Person, Raymond F., 303–30; Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2016.Google Scholar
Grossman, Maxine. “Gendered Sectarians: Envisioning Women (and Men) at Qumran.” In Celebrate Her for the Fruit of Her Hands: Studies in Honor of Carol L. Meyers, edited by Ackerman, Susan, Carter, Charles, and Nakhai, Beth Alpert, 271–94. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2015.Google Scholar
Grossman, Maxine. “Identifying the People of the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls: New Insights on Ancient Texts, edited by Jassen, Alex P. and Schiffman, Lawrence H., 61–86. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grossman, Maxine. “Postmodern Questions and Sexuality Studies.” In T & T Clark Companion to the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Hempel, Charlotte and Brooke, George J., 246–56. London: Bloomsbury, 2018.Google Scholar
Grossman, Maxine. “Reading 4QMMT: Genre and History.” Revue de Qumran 20 (2001): 3–22.Google Scholar
Grossman, Maxine. “Roland Barthes and the Teacher of Righteousness: The Death of the Author of the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Collins, John J. and Lim, Timothy H., 709–22. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Hallvard, Hagelia and Zehnder, Markus, eds. Encountering Violence in the Bible. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Haigh, Rebecca. “Oral Aspects: A Performative Approach to 1QM.” Dead Sea Discoveries 26 (2019): 189−219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, John R., Schuyler, Philip D., Trinh, Sylvaine, and Trinh, Sylvaine. Apocalypse Observed: Religious Movements and Violence in North America, Europe and Japan. London: Routledge, 2000.Google Scholar
Hamerton-Kelly, Robert G., ed. Violent Origins: Walter Burkert, René Girard, and Jonathan Z. Smith on Ritual Killing and Cultural Formation. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Harkins, Angela Kim. “How Should We Feel about the Teacher of Righteousness?” In Is There a Text in This Cave? Studies in the Textuality of the Dead Sea Scrolls in Honour of George J. Brooke, edited by Feldman, Ariel, Cioată, Maria, and Hempel, Charlotte, 493–514. Leiden: Brill, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harkins, Angela Kim. “Who Is the Teacher of the Teacher Hymns? Re-examining the Teacher Hymns Hypothesis Fifty Years Later.” In A Teacher for All Generations: Essays in Honor of James C. VanderKam, Volume 1, edited by Mason, Eric, Thomas, Samuel, Schofield, Alison, and Ulrich, Eugene, 449–67. Leiden: Brill, 2012.Google Scholar
Harrington, Daniel J. “‘Holy War’ Texts among the Qumran Scrolls.” In Studies in the Hebrew Bible, Qumran, and the Septuagint Presented to Eugene Ulrich, edited by VanderKam, James C., Flint, Peter W., and Tov, Emanuel, 175–83. Boston: Brill, 2006.Google Scholar
Hasan-Rokem, Galit. “A Narrative Triumph: The Rabbis Write Back to the Empire.” In The Arch of Titus: From Jerusalem to Rome – and Back, edited by Fine, Steven, 55–62. Leiden: Brill, 2021.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasselbalch, Trine Bjørnung. Meaning and Context in the Thanksgiving Hymns: Linguistic and Rhetorical Perspectives on a Collection. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayes, Christine. Gentile Impurities and Jewish Identities: Intermarriage and Conversion from the Bible to the Talmud. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. “4QMMT in the Context of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Beyond.” In Interpreting and Living God’s Law at Qumran: Miqṣat Maʿaśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT): Introduction, Text, Translation and Interpretative Essays, edited by Kratz, Reinhard G., 117–36. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020.Google Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. “The Community and Its Rivals According to the ‘Community Rule’ from Caves 1 and 4.” Revue de Qumran 21 (2003): 47–81.Google Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. The Community Rules from Qumran: A Commentary. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. “Community Structures and Organization.” In The Qumran Rule Texts in Context: Collected Studies, by Hempel, Charlotte, 25–46. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. “The Context of 4QMMT and Comfortable Theories.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls: Text and Context, edited by Hempel, Charlotte, 275–93. Leiden: Brill, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. “The Damascus Document and MMT.” In The Qumran Rule Texts in Context: Collected Studies, by Hempel, Charlotte, 173–86. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. The Damascus Texts. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. The Laws of the Damascus Document: Sources, Tradition, Redaction. Leiden: Brill, 1998.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. The Qumran Rule Texts in Context: Collected Studies. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. “The Treatise on the Two Spirits and the Literary History of the Rule of the Community.” In Dualism in Qumran, edited by Xeravits, Geza, 102–20. London: T & T Clark, 2010.Google Scholar
Hempel, Charlotte. “Who Rebukes in 4Q477?” Revue de Qumran 16 (1995): 655–56.Google Scholar
Hengel, Martin. The Zealots: Investigations into the Jewish Freedom Movement in the Period from Herod I until 70 A.D. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1989.Google Scholar
Henry, Stuart. “What Is School Violence? An Integrated Definition.” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 567 (2000): 16–29.Google Scholar
Hogeterp, Albert. “The Eschatology of the Two Spirits Treatise Revisited.” Revue de Qumran 23 (2007): 247–59.Google Scholar
Holm-Nielsen, Svend. Hodayot: Psalms from Qumran. Aarhus: Universitetsforlaget, 1960.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horsley, Richard A. Jesus and Empire: The Kingdom of God and the New World Disorder. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Horsley, Richard A. Revolt of the Scribes: Resistance and Apocalyptic Origins. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Horsley, Richard A., ed. Hidden Transcripts and the Arts of Resistance: Applying the Work of James C. Scott to Jesus and Paul. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2004.Google Scholar
Horsley, Richard A., ed. In the Shadow of Empire: Reclaiming the Bible as a History of Faithful Resistance. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2008.Google Scholar
Horsley, Richard A., ed. Paul and Empire: Religion and Power in Roman Imperial Society. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 1997.Google Scholar
Hughes, Julie A. Scriptural Allusions and Exegesis in the Hodayot. Leiden: Brill, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hultgren, Stephen. From the Damascus Covenant to the Covenant of the Community: Literary, Historical, and Theological Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Leiden: Brill, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hurvitz, Avi. “The Garments of Aaron and His Sons According to 1Q War VII, 9–10.” In Studies in Bible and the Ancient Near East Presented to S. E. Loewenstamm, edited by Blau, Joshua J. and Avishur, Yitshak, 139–44. Jerusalem: Rubenstein, 1978 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Ibba, Giovanni. Il “Rotolo Della Guerra”: Edizione Critica. Torino: Silvio Zamorani editore, 1998.Google Scholar
Introvigne, Massimo. “Gatekeeping and Narratives about ‘Cult’ Violence: The McDonald’s Murder of 2014 in China.” Journal of Religion and Violence 6 (2018): 370–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iwry, Samuel. “The Exegetical Method of the Damascus Document Reconsidered.” In Methods of Investigation of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Khirbet Qumran Site, edited by Wise, Michael D., Golb, Norman, Pardee, Dennis, and Collins, John J., 329–38. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1994.Google Scholar
Jackson, Rosemary. Fantasy: The Literature of Subversion. London: Routledge, 2003.Google Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “The Dead Sea Scrolls and Violence: Sectarian Formation and Eschatological Imagination.” In Violence, Scripture, and Textual Practice in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity, edited by Boustan, Raʻanan S., Jassen, Alex P., and Roetzel, Calvin J., 13–44. Leiden: Brill, 2010.Google Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “The Early Study of Jewish Law in the Damascus Document: Solomon Schechter and Louis Ginzberg in Conversation and Conflict.” In From Scrolls to Traditions: A Festschrift Honoring Lawrence H. Schiffman, edited by Miller, Stuart S., Swartz, Michael D., Fine, Steven, Grunhaus, Naomi, and Jassen, Alex P., 164–218. Leiden: Brill, 2021.Google Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. Mediating the Divine: Prophecy and Revelation in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Second Temple Judaism. Leiden: Brill, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “The Pesharim and the Rise of Commentary in Early Jewish Scriptural Interpretation.” Dead Sea Discoveries 19 (2012): 363–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “Prophecy, Power, and Politics in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Second Temple Judaism.” In Divination, Politics, and Ancient Near Eastern Empires, edited by Lenzi, Alan and Stökl, Jonathan, 171–98. Atlanta: Society for Biblical Literature, 2014.Google Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “Religion in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” Religion Compass 1 (2007): 1–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “Rereading 4QPesher Isaiah A (4Q161) Forty Years after DJD 5.” In The Mermaid and the Partridge: Essays from the Copenhagen Conference on Revising Texts from Cave Four, edited by Brooke, George J. and Høgenhaven, Jesper, 57–90. Leiden: Brill, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “Survival at the End of Days: Aspects of Soteriology in the Dead Sea Scrolls Pesharim.” In This World and the World to Come: Soteriology in Early Judaism, edited by Gurtner, Daniel M., 193–210. London: T & T Clark, 2011.Google Scholar
Jassen, Alex P. “Violence in the Dead Sea Scrolls in Scholarship and Popular Media.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls: New Insights on Ancient Texts, edited by Jassen, Alex P. and Schiffman, Lawrence H., 225–61. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johns, Loren L., “Identity and Resistance: The Varieties of Competing Models in Early Judaism.” In Qumran Studies: New Approaches, New Questions, edited by Davis, Michael T. and Strawn, Brent A., 254–77. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007.Google Scholar
Johnson, Benton. “On Church and Sect.” American Sociological Review 28 (1963): 539–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jokiranta, Jutta. “Learning from Sectarian Responses: Windows on Qumran Sects and Emerging Christian Sects.” In Echoes from the Caves: Qumran and the New Testament, edited by Martínez, Florentino García, 177–210. Leiden: Brill, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jokiranta, Jutta. “Qumran – the Prototypical Teacher in the Qumran Pesharim: A Social-Identity Approach.” In Ancient Israel: The Old Testament in Its Social Context, edited by Esler, Philip F., 254–63. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Jokiranta, Jutta. “‘Sectarianism’ of the Qumran ‘Sect’: Sociological Notes.” Revue de Qumran 20 (2001): 223–39.Google Scholar
Jokiranta, Jutta. “Social Identity Approach: Identity-Constructing Elements in the Psalms Pesher.” In Defining Identities: We, You, and the Other in the Dead Sea Scrolls Proceedings of the Fifth Meeting of the IOQS in Groningen, edited by Martínez, Florentino García and Popović, Mladen, 85–109. Leiden: Brill, 2007.Google Scholar
Jokiranta, Jutta. Social Identity and Sectarianism in the Qumran Movement. Leiden: Brill, 2012.Google Scholar
Jokiranta, Jutta. “Sociological Approaches to Qumran Sectarianism.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Collins, John J. and Lim, Timothy H., 200–31. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Jones, Constance. “Exemplary Dualism and Authoritarianism at Jonestown.” In New Religious Movements, Mass Suicide, and the Peoples Temple, edited by Moore, Rebecca and McGhee, Fielding M., 209–30. Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Jongeling, Baastian. Le Rouleau de La Guerre Des Manuscrits de Qumran: Commentaire et Traduction. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1962.Google Scholar
Joseph, Simon J. Jesus, Q, and the Dead Sea Scrolls: A Judaic Approach to Q. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jovanović, Srđan. “The Ottoman Empire as Friend and Foe: Perceptions of Ottoman Rule in Serbia and Bosnia and Thereupon Based Nationalisms.” Review of Social Studies 4 (2017): 71–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Judah, Tim. The Serbs: History, Myth, and the Destruction of Yugoslavia, 3rd edition. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Justnes, Årstein. “Divine Violence and the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In Encountering Violence in the Bible, edited by Zehnder, Markus and Hagelia, Hallvard, 178–93. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Kalmanofsky, Amy, ed. Sexual Violence and Sacred Texts. Cambridge, MA: Feminist Studies in Religion Books, 2017.Google Scholar
Kang, Sa-Moon. Divine War in the Old Testament and in the Ancient Near East. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kapfer, Hilary Evans. “The Relationship between the Damascus Document and the Community Rule: Attitudes toward the Temple as a Test Case.” Dead Sea Discoveries 14 (2007): 152–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitts, Margo. “Religion and Violence from Literary Perspectives.” In The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Violence, edited by Jerryson, Michael, Juergensmeyer, Mark, and Kitts, Margo, 410–23. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Klawans, Jonathan. “The Dead Sea Scrolls, the Essenes, and the Study of Religious Belief: Determinism and Freedom of Choice.” In Rediscovering the Dead Sea Scrolls: An Assessment of Old and New Approaches and Methods, edited by Grossman, Maxine L., 264–83. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.Google Scholar
Klawans, Jonathan. Purity, Sacrifice, and the Temple: Symbolism and Supersessionism in the Study of Ancient Judaism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Knibb, Michael A. “Apocalypticism and Messianism.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Collins, John J. and Lim, Timothy H., 403–22. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Knibb, Michael A. “Exile in the Damascus Document.” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 25 (1983): 99–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knohl, Israel. The Messiah before Jesus: The Suffering Servant of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kratz, Reinhard G., ed. Interpreting and Living God’s Law at Qumran: Miqṣat Maʿaśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT): Introduction, Text, Translation and Interpretative Essays. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020.Google Scholar
Kratz, Reinhard G., “Law and Narrative: 4MMT and the Hebrew Bible.” In Interpreting and Living God’s Law at Qumran: Miqṣat Maʿaśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT) – Introduction, Text, Translation and Interpretative Essays, edited by Kratz, Reinhard G., 85–104. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kratz, Reinhard G., “The Teacher of Righteousness and His Enemies.” In Is There a Text in This Cave? Studies in the Textuality of the Dead Sea Scrolls in Honour of George J. Brooke, edited by Feldman, Ariel, Cioată, Maria, and Hempel, Charlotte, 515–32. Leiden: Brill, 2017.Google Scholar
Krieg, Matthias. “Mo‘ed Naqam – Ein Kultdrama Aus Qumran: Beobachtungen an Der Kriegsrolle.” Theologische Zeithschrift 41 (1985): 3–30.Google Scholar
Kruse, Colin G. “Community Functionaries in the Community Rule and the Damascus Document: A Test of Chronological Relationships.” Revue de Qumran 10 (1981): 543–51.Google Scholar
James, Kugel L. 2013. “Jubilees.” In Outside the Bible: Ancient Jewish Writings Related to Scripture, Volume 1, edited by Feldman, Louis, Kugel, James L., and Schiffman, Lawrence H., 272–465. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 2013.Google Scholar
Lander, Shira. “Religious Violence in a Post-9/11 World” Ancient Jew Review March 2 (2016). www.ancientjewreview.com/read/2016/2/29/religious-violence-in-a-post911-world.Google Scholar
Lange, Armin. Weisheit und Prädestination: weisheitliche Urordnung und Prädestination in den Textfunden von Qumran. Leiden: Brill, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levi, Kenneth J., ed. Violence and Religious Commitment: Implications of Jim Jones’s People’s Temple Movement. University Park, PA: Penn State University Press, 1982.Google Scholar
Levinson, Joshua. “The Athlete of Piety: Fatal Fictions in Rabbinic Literature.” Tarbiz 68 (1999): 61–86 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Levinson, Joshua. “‘Tragedies Naturally Performed’: Fatal Charades, Parodia Sacra, and the Death of Titus.” In Jewish Culture and Society under the Christian Roman Empire, edited by Kalmin, Richard and Schwartz, Seth, 349–82. Leuven: Peeters, 2003.Google Scholar
Lewis, James R., ed. Violence and New Religious Movements. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Licht, Jacob. “An Analysis of the Treatise on the Two Spirits in DSD.” In Aspects of the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Rabin, Chaim and Yadin, Yigael, 88–100. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1965.Google Scholar
Lied, Liv Ingeborg. “Another Look at the Land of Damascus: The Spaces of the Damascus Document in the Light of Edward W. Soja’s Thirdspace Approach.” In New Directions in Qumran Studies: Proceedings of the Bristol Colloquium on the Dead Sea Scrolls, 8–10 September 2003, edited by Campbell, Jonathan G., Lyons, William J., and Pietersen, Lloyd K., 101–25. London: T & T Clark, 2005.Google Scholar
Lim, Timothy H. Pesharim. London: Continuum, 2002.Google Scholar
Lim, Timothy H. “The Wicked Priest of the Groningen Hypothesis.” Journal of Biblical Literature 112 (1993): 415–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynch, Matthew. Portraying Violence in the Hebrew Bible: A Literary and Cultural Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mack, John. “Nationalism and the Self.” The Psychohistory Review 112 (1983): 47–69.Google Scholar
Magness, Jodi. The Archaeology of Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls, 2nd edition. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2021.Google Scholar
Martens, John W. “A Sectarian Analysis of the Damascus Document.” In Essays in the Social Scientific Study of Judaism and Jewish Society, edited by Fishbane, Simcha, Lighstone, Jack N., and Levin, Victor, 27–46. Montreal: Concordia University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Mason, Steve. “What Josephus Says about the Essenes in His ‘Judean War.’” In Text and Artifact in the Religions of Mediterranean Antiquity: Essays in Honour of Peter Richardson, edited by Wilson, Stephen G. and Desjardins, Michal, 423–55. Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Shelly, Matthews and Leigh Gibson, E., eds., Violence in the New Testament. New York: T & T Clark, 2005.Google Scholar
Meier, John P. “Is There Halaka (the Noun) at Qumran.” Journal of Biblical Literature 122 (2003): 150–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melanchthon, Monica Jyotsna and Whitaker, Robyn J., eds. Terror in the Bible: Rhetoric, Gender, and Violence. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2021.Google Scholar
Mermelstein, Ari. Power and Emotion in Ancient Judaism: Community and Identity in Formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metso, Sarianna. The Serekh Texts. London: T & T Clark, 2007.Google Scholar
Metso, Sarianna. The Textual Development of the Qumran Community Rule. Leiden: Brill, 1997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyers, Eric M. “Khirbet Qumran and Its Environs.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Lim, Timothy H. and Collins, John J., 21–45. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Mihailovich, Vasa D., ed. The Mountain Wreath. Irvine, CA: C. Schlacks, Jr., 1986.Google Scholar
Milgrom, Jacob. “The Levitical ‘Abodā.” Jewish Quarterly Review 61 (1970): 132–54.Google Scholar
Milik, J. T. Ten Years of Discovery in the Wilderness of Judea, translated by Strugnell, John. London: SCM Press, 1959.Google Scholar
Milikowsky, Chaim. “Again: Damascus in Damascus Document and in Rabbinic Literature.” Revue de Qumran 11 (1982): 97–106.Google Scholar
Miljković, Milan. “War Poetry and the Visual Culture of War: The Case of the Illustrated War Chronicle (Belgrade).” Zeitschrift Für Balkanologie 52 (2016): 201−16.Google Scholar
Miller, Patrick D. The Divine Warrior in Early Israel. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1973.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Rebecca. Beyond Brainwashing: Perspectives on Cultic Violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Rebecca. “From Jonestown to 9/11 and Beyond.” In The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements, Volume 2, edited by Lewis, James R. and Tøllefsen, Inga, 186–97. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Moore, Rebecca, Pinn, Anthony B., and Sawyer, Mary R., eds. Peoples Temple and Black Religion in America. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morus, Christina M. “Slobo the Redeemer: The Rhetoric of Slobodan Milosevic and the Construction of the Serbian ‘People.’” Southern Communication Journal 72 (2007): 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moss, Candida. The Myth of Persecution: How Early Christians Invented a Story of Martyrdom. New York: HarperOne, 2013.Google Scholar
Mroczek, Eva. “Mean, Angry Old Testament God vs. Nice, Loving New Testament God?” (undated) https://tinyurl.com/MroczekViolenceandGod.Google Scholar
Murphy, Catherine. Wealth in the Dead Sea Scrolls and in the Qumran Community. Leiden: Brill, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome. “An Essene Missionary Document? CD II,14–VI,1.” Revue Biblique 77 (1970): 201–29.Google Scholar
Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome. “La Genèse Littéraire de La Règle de La Communauté.” Revue Biblique 76 (1979): 528–49.Google Scholar
Najman, Hindy “Towards a Study of the Uses of the Concept of Wilderness in Ancient Judaism.” Dead Sea Discoveries 13 (2006): 99–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nati, James. Textual Criticism and the Ontology of Literature in Early Judaism: An Analysis of the Serekh Ha-Yaḥad. Leiden: Brill, 2022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newport, Kenneth G. C. Branch Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of an Apocalyptic Sect. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newsom, Carol A. “‘Sectually Explicit’ Literature from Qumran.” In Hebrew Bible and Its Interpreters, edited by Propp, William H., Halpern, Baruch, and Freedman, David N., 167–87. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1990.Google Scholar
Newsom, Carol A. The Self as Symbolic Space: Constructing Identity and Community at Qumran. Leiden: Brill, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niditch, Susan. War in the Hebrew Bible: A Study in the Ethics of Violence. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nitzan, Bilhah. Megillat Pesher Habakkuk. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1986 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Nitzan, Bilhah. Qumran Prayer and Religious Poetry. Leiden: Brill, 1994.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noam, Vered. “From 4QMMT to the Rabbinic Halakha.” In Interpreting and Living God’s Law at Qumran: Miqṣat Maʿaśe Ha-Torah, Some of the Works of the Torah (4QMMT) – Introduction, Text, Translation and Interpretative Essays, edited by Kratz, Reinhard G., 137–60. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2020.Google Scholar
Noegel, Scott. “The Ritual Use of Linguistic and Textual Violence in the Hebrew Bible and Ancient Near East.” In Ritual Dynamics and the Science of Ritual, Volume 3, State, Power, and Violence, edited by Kitts, Margo, Schneidmüller, Bernd, Schwedler, Gerald, Tounta, Eleni, Kulke, Hermann, and Skoda, Uwe, 33–46. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2010.Google Scholar
North, Robert. “‘Kittim’ War or ‘Sectaries’ Liturgy?” Biblica 39 (1958): 84–93.Google Scholar
Oakes, Len. Prophetic Charisma: The Psychology of Revolutionary Religious Personalities. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Olson, Paul J. “The Public Perception of ‘Cults’ and ‘New Religious Movements.’” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 45 (2006): 97–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olyan, Saul M., ed. Ritual Violence in the Hebrew Bible, New Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Osten-Sacken, Peter von der. Gott Und Belial: Traditionsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen Zum Dualismus in Den Texten Aus Qumran. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1959.Google Scholar
O’Brien, Julia M. “Violent Pictures, Violent Cultures? The ‘Aesthetics of Violence’ in Contemporary Film and in Ancient Prophetic Texts.” In Aesthetics of Violence in the Prophets, edited by O’Brien, Julia M. and Franke, Chris, 112–30. London: T & T Clark, 2010.Google Scholar
Perez Fernandez, Miguel. “4QMMT: Redactional Study.” Revue de Qumran 18 (1997): 191–205.Google Scholar
Petersen, Roger D. Understanding Ethnic Violence: Fear, Hatred, and Resentment in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philips, Gary A. “More than the Jews … His Blood Be Upon All the Children: Biblical Violence, Genocide, and Responsible Reading.” In Confronting Genocide: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, edited by Jacobs, Steven L., 77–94. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2009.Google Scholar
Pietersen, Lloyd K. “‘False Teaching, Lying Tongues and Deceitful Lips’ (4Q169 Frgs 2–4 2.8): The Pesharim and the Sociology of Deviance.” In New Directions in Qumran Studies: Proceedings of the Bristol Colloquium on the Dead Sea Scrolls, 8–10 September 2003, edited by Campbell, Jonathan G., Lyons, William J., and Pietersen, Llord K., 166–81. London: T & T Clark, 2005.Google Scholar
Pitts, William L. Jr. “Changing Views of the Millennium in the Davidian Tradition.” Journal of Religious History 24 (2000): 87–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitts, “Davidians and Branch Davidians 1929–1987.” In Armageddon in Waco: Critical Perspectives on the Branch Davidian Conflict, edited by Wright, Stuart A., 20–42. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Ploeg, J. van der. Le Rouleau de la Guerre: Traduit et Annoté avec une Introduction. Leiden: Brill, 1959.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portier-Young, Anathea E. Apocalypse against Empire: Theologies of Resistance in Early Judaism. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2011.Google Scholar
Portier-Young, Anathea E. “Jewish Apocalyptic Literature as Resistance Literature.” In The Oxford Handbook of Apocalyptic Literature, edited by Collins, John J., 145–62. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Porzig, Peter. “The Place of the ‘Treatise of the Two Spirits’ (1QS 3:13–4:26) within the Literary Development of the Community Rule.” In Law, Literature, and Society in Legal Texts from Qumran: Papers from the Ninth Meeting of the International Organisation for Qumran Studies, Leuven 2016, edited by Jokiranta, Jutta and Zahn, Molly, 127–52. Leiden: Brill, 2019.Google Scholar
Pryke, E. J. “The Identity of the Qumran Sect: A Reconsideration.” Novum Testamentum 10 (1968): 43–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qimron, Elisha, and Strugnell, John. Qumran Cave 4.V: Miqṣat Maʿaśe Ha-Torah. Discoveries in the Judean Desert 10. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Qimron, Elisha, and Strugnell, John. “An Unpublished Halakhic Letter from Qumran.” In Biblical Archaeology Today: Proceedings of the International Congress on Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, April 1984, 400–7. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1984.Google Scholar
Qimron, Elisha. The Hebrew Compositions from Qumran: An Integrated Edition. 3 vols., 2020 (Hebrew). https://zenodo.org/records/3737950#.Xox2zC17GfV.Google Scholar
Ratzon, Eshbal, and Ben-Dov, Jonathan. “A Newly Reconstructed Calendrical Scroll from Qumran in Cryptic Script.” Journal of Biblical Literature 136 (2017): 905–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reader, Ian. “Imagined Persecution: Aum Shinrikyo, Millennialism, and the Legitimation of Violence.” In Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases, edited by Wessinger, Catherine, 158–82. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Reader, Ian. A Poisonous Cocktail? Aum Shinrikyo’s Path to Violence. Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies, 1996.Google Scholar
Regev, Eyal. “Cherchez Les Femmes: Were the Yaḥad Celibates?” Dead Sea Discoveries 15 (2008): 253–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regev, Eyal. Sectarianism in Qumran: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. Berlin: de Gruyter, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regev, Eyal. “The Yahad and the Damascus Covenant: Structure, Organization and Relationship.” Revue de Qumran 21 (2004): 233–62.Google Scholar
Reiss, Albert J., and Roth, Jeffrey A.. “Summary.” In Understanding and Preventing Violence, Volume 1, by Reiss, Albert J. and Roth, Jeffrey A., 1–27. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Richardson, James T. “Definitions of Cult: From Sociological-Technical to Popular-Negative.” Review of Religious Research 34 (1993): 348–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richardson, James T. “Minority Religions and the Context of Violence: A Conflict/Interactionist Perspective.” In Violence and New Religious Movements, edited by Lewis, James R., 31–62. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riches, David. “Aggression, War, Violence: Space/Time and Paradigm.” Man 26 (1991): 281–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riches, David. “The Phenomenon of Violence.” In The Anthropology of Violence, edited by Riches, David, 1–27. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.Google Scholar
Robben, Antonius C. G. M., and Suárez-Orozco, Marcelo M.. “Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Violence and Trauma.” In Cultures under Siege: Collective Violence and Trauma, edited by Robben, Antonius C. G. M. and Suárez-Orozco, Marcelo M., 1–42. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Robbins, Thomas. “Sources of Volatility in Religious Movements.” In Cults, Religion, and Violence, edited by Bromley, David G. and Gordon Melton, J., 57–79. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robbins, Thomas, and Anthony, Dick. “Sects and Violence: Factors Enhancing the Volatility of Marginal Religious Movements.” In Armageddon at Waco: Critical Perspectives on the Branch Davidian Conflict, 236–59. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Robbins, Thomas, and Palmer, Susan J.. “Patterns of Contemporary Apocalypticism.” In Millennium, Messiahs, and Mayhem: Contemporary Apocalyptic Movements, edited by Robbins, Thomas and Palmer, Susan J., 1–30. New York: Routledge, 1997.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, Jean. “The Justus Freeman Standoff: The Importance of Analysis of Religion in Avoiding Violent Outcomes.” In Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases, edited by Wessinger, Catherine, 323–46. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Roth, Cecil. The Historical Background of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1958.Google Scholar
Roth, Cecil. “New Light on the Dead Sea Scrolls.” Commentary 37 (June, 1964): 27−32.Google Scholar
Rowley, H. H. “4QpNahum and the Teacher of Righteousness.” Journal of Biblical Literature 75 (1956): 188–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowley, H. H. “The Qumran Sectaries and the Zealots: An Examination of a Recent Theory.” Vetus Testamentum 9 (1959): 379–92.Google Scholar
Rowley, H. H. The Zadokite Fragments and the Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Macmillan, 1952.Google Scholar
Rudich, Vasily. Religious Dissent in the Roman Empire: Violence in Judaea at the Time of Nero. New York: Routledge, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saldarini, Anthony J. “Pharisees.” In The Anchor Bible Dictionary, Volume 1, edited by Freedman, David N., 289–303. Garden City: Doubleday, 1992.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, Jack T. Schismatics, Sectarians, Dissidents, Deviants: The First Hundred Years of Jewish–Christian Relations. London: SCM Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “Community without Temple: The Qumran Community’s Withdrawal from the Jerusalem Temple.” In Qumran and Jerusalem: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the History of Judaism, 81–97. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. The Eschatological Community of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “Inter- or Intra-Jewish Conflict? The Judaism of the Dead Sea Scrolls Community and Its Opponents.” In Qumran and Jerusalem: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the History of Judaism, 353–64. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “Inverting Reality: The Dead Sea Scrolls in the Popular Media.” Dead Sea Discoveries 12 (2005): 24–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “Jerusalem in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In The Centrality of Jerusalem: Historical Perspectives, edited by Poorthuis, Marcel and Safrai, Chana, 73–88. Kampen: Pharos, 1996.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “The King, His Guard, and the Royal Council in the Temple Scroll.” In The Courtyards of the House of the Lord: Studies on the Temple Scroll, edited by Martínez, Florentino García, 487–504. Leiden: Brill, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “Legislation concerning Relations with Non-Jews in the Zadokite Fragments and in Tannaitic Literature.” Revue de Qumran 11 (1983): 379–89.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “The New Halakhic Letter (4QMMT) and the Origins of the Dead Sea Sect.” Biblical Archaeologist 55 (1990): 64–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “Pharisees and Sadducees in Pesher Nahum.” In Qumran and Jerusalem: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the History of Judaism, 337–52. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “The Place of 4QMMT in the Corpus of Qumran Manuscripts.” In Qumran and Jerusalem: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls and the History of Judaism, 123–42. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2010.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. “Prohibited Marriages in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Rabbinic Literature.” In Rabbinic Perspectives: Rabbinic Literature and the Dead Sea Scrolls; Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium of the Orion Center, 7–9 January, 2003, edited by Fraade, Steven, Shemesh, Aharon, and Clements, Ruth, 113–25. Leiden: Brill, 2006.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. Reclaiming the Dead Sea Scrolls: The History of Judaism, the Background of Christianity, the Lost Library of Qumran. New York: Doubleday, 1994.Google Scholar
Schiffman, Lawrence H. Sectarian Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls: Courts, Testimony and the Penal Code. Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Schofield, Alison. From Qumran to the Yaḥad: A New Paradigm of Textual Development for the Community Rule. Leiden: Brill, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schröder, Ingo W., and Schmidt, Bettina. “Introduction: Violent Imaginaries and Violent Practices.” In Anthropology of Violence and Conflict, edited by Schröder, Ingo W. and Schmidt, Bettina, 1–24. London: Routledge, 2001.Google Scholar
Schultz, Brian R. Conquering the World: The War Scroll (1QM) Reconsidered. Leiden: Brill, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultz, Brian R. “The Kittim of Assyria.” Revue de Qumran 23 (2007): 63–77.Google Scholar
Schwartz, Daniel. “The Three Temples of 4Q Florilegium.” Revue de Qumran 37 (1979): 81–91.Google Scholar
Schwartz, Regina. The Curse of Cain: The Violence Legacy of Monotheism. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Scoggins Ballentine, Debra. The Conflict Myth and the Biblical Tradition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, James C. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Scott, James C. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Segal, M. H. “Qumran War Scroll and the Date of Its Composition.” In Scripta Hierosolymitana, Volume 4, Aspects of the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Rabin, Chaim, 138–43. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1965.Google Scholar
Sells, Michael A. The Bridge Betrayed: Religion and Genocide in Bosnia. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.Google Scholar
Sharon, Nadav. “The Kittim and the Roman Conquest in the Qumran Scrolls.” Meghillot 11/12 (2014–15): 357–88 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Sharp, Carolyn. “Phinean Zeal and Rhetorical Strategy in 4QMMT.” Revue de Qumran 18 (1997): 207–22.Google Scholar
Shemesh, Aharon. “Expulsion and Exclusion in the Community Rule and the Damascus Document.” Dead Sea Discoveries 9 (2002): 44–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shemesh, Aharon. “The Scriptural Background of the Penal Code in the Rule of the Community and the Damascus Document.” Dead Sea Discoveries 15 (2008): 191–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yvonne, Sherwood and Bekkenkopp, Jonneke. “Introduction: The Thin Blade of Difference between Real Swords and Words about ‘Sharp-Edged Iron Things’ – Reflections on How People Use the Word.” In Sanctified Aggression: Legacies of Biblical and Post-Biblical Vocabularies of Violence, edited by Bekkenkopp, Jonneke and Sherwood, Yvonne, 1–9. London: T. & T. Clark, 2003.Google Scholar
Smith, Morton. “The Dead Sea Sect in Relation to Ancient Judaism.” New Testament Studies 7 (1961): 347–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sollama, Raija. “War and Violence in the Ideology of the Qumran Community.” In Verbum et Calamus: Semitic and Related Studies in Honour of the Sixtieth Birthday of Professor Tapani Harviainen, edited by Juusola, Hannu, Laulainen, Juha, and Palva, Heikki, 341–52. Helsinki: Finnish Oriental Society, 2004.Google Scholar
Stark, Rodney, and Bainbridge, William Sims. The Future of Religion: Secularization, Revival, and Cult Formation. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stegemann, Hartmut. “The ‘Teacher of Righteousness’ and Jesus: Two Types of Religious Leadership in Judaism at the Turn of the Era.” In Jewish Civilization in the Hellenistic-Roman Period, edited by Talmon, Shemaryahu, 196–213. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1991.Google Scholar
Stegemann, Hartmut. “Zu Textbestand Und Grundgedanken von 1QS III,12–IV,26.” Revue de Qumran 13 (1988): 95–131.Google Scholar
Stendahl, Krister. “Hate, Non-retaliation, and Love 1 QS x, 17–20 and Rom. 12:19–21.” Harvard Theological Review 55 (1962): 343–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stern, Menahem. “Jerusalem Which Is in the Land of Assyria in a Fragment from the Work of the Historian Asinius Quadratus.” Sinai 42 (1977): 295–97 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Stern, Philip D. The Biblical Ḥerem: A Window on Israel’s Religious Experience. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1991.Google Scholar
Steudel, Annette. “אחרית הימים in the Texts from Qumran.” Revue de Qumran 16 (1993): 225–46.Google Scholar
Steudel, Annette. “The Houses of Prostration – CD XI,21–XII,1: Duplicates of the Temple.” Revue de Qumran 16 (1993): 49–68.Google Scholar
Steudel, Annette. Der Midrasch zur Eschatologie aus der Qumrangemeinde (4QmidrEschata.b): materielle Rekonstruktion, Textbestand, Gattung und traditionsgeschichtliche Einordnung des durch 4Q174 (“Florilegium”) und 4Q177 (“Catena A”) repräsentierten Werkes aus den Qumranfunden. Leiden: Brill, 1994.Google Scholar
Stewart, Pamela J., and Strathern, Andrew. Violence: Theory and Ethnography. London: Continuum, 2002.Google Scholar
Strater, Adam T. “Esau and Amalek in the Hebrew Bible and in Second Temple Jewish Apocalyptic Literature: From Propaganda to Genocide.” In The Routledge Handbook of Religion, Mass Atrocity, and Genocide, edited by Brown, Sara E. and Smith, Stephen D., 27−36. New York: Routledge, 2022.Google Scholar
Stratton, Kimberly. “The Eschatological Arena: Reinscribing Roman Violence in Fantasies of the End Times.” In Violence, Scripture, and Textual Practice in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity, edited by Boustan, Raʻanan S., Jassen, Alex P., and Roetzel, Calvin J., 45–76. Leiden: Brill, 2010.Google Scholar
Stroup, Christopher. “A Reexamination of the ‘Sons of the Pit’ in CD 13:14.” Dead Sea Discoveries 18 (2011): 45–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strugnell, John. “MMT: Second Thoughts on a Forthcoming Edition.” In The Community of the Renewed Covenant: The Notre Dame Symposium on the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Ulrich, Eugene and VanderKam, James C., 53–73. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Stuckenbruck, Loren. “Interiorization of Dualism within the Human Being.” In Light against Darkness: Dualism in Ancient Mediterranean Religion and the Contemporary World, edited by Meyers, Eric M., Lange, Armin, and Styers, Randall. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 2010.Google Scholar
Stuckenbruck, Loren. “The Legacy of the Teacher of Righteousness in the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In New Perspectives on Old Texts Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium of the Orion Center for the Study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Associated Literature, 9–11 January, 2005, edited by Chazon, Esther G., Halpern-Amaru, Betsy, and Clements, Ruth, 23–49. Leiden: Brill, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sukenik, Eliezer. The Dead Sea Scrolls of the Hebrew University. Jerusalem: Magnes Press and the Hebrew University, 1955.Google Scholar
Sukenik, Eliezer. Megillot Genuzot: First Survey. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1948 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Sukenik, Eliezer. Megillot Genuzot: Second Survey. Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1950 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Swarup, Paul. The Self-Understanding of the Dead Sea Scrolls Community: An Eternal Planting, a House of Holiness. London: T & T Clark, 2006.Google Scholar
Swatos, William H. Jr. “Weber or Troeltsch? Methodology, Syndrome, and the Development of Church-Sect Theory.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 16 (1976): 129–42.Google Scholar
Tabor, James D. “Patterns of the End: Qumran to Waco.” In Toward the Millennium: Messianic Expectations from the Bible to Waco, edited by Schäfer, Peter and Cohen, Marc, 409–30. Leiden: Brill, 1998.Google Scholar
Tabor, James D. “The Waco Tragedy: An Autobiographical Account of One Attempt to Avert Disaster.” In From the Ashes: Making Sense of Waco, edited by Lewis, James R., 13–21. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 1994.Google Scholar
Tabor, James D. and Gallagher, Eugene. Why Waco? Cults and the Battle for Religious Freedom in America. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talmon, Shemaryahu. “The Emergence of Jewish Sectarianism in the Early Second Temple Period.” In Ancient Israelite Religion: Essays in Honor of Frank Moore Cross, edited by Miller, Patrick D. Jr., Hanson, Paul D., and McBride, S. Dean, 587–616. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Talmon, Shemaryahu. “Yom Hakkippurim in the Habakkuk Scroll.” In The World of Qumran from Within: Collected Studies, 186–99. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1989.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, Joan E. The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Taylor, Joan E. “Women, Children, and Celibate Men in the Serekh Texts.” Harvard Theological Review 104 (2011): 171–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teeter, Andrew. “Isaiah and the King of As/Syria in Daniel’s Final Vision: On the Rhetoric of Inner-Scriptural Allusion and the Hermeneutics of ‘Mantological Exegesis.’” In A Teacher for All Generations: Essays in Honor of James C. VanderKam, Volume 1, edited by Mason, Eric, Thomas, Samuel, Schofield, Alison, and Ulrich, Eugene, 169–99. Leiden: Brill, 2012.Google Scholar
Thompson, John B. “Symbolic Violence: Language and Power in the Writings of Pierre Bourdieu.” In Studies in the Theory of Ideology, 42–72. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trever, John. “The Book of Daniel and the Origins of the Qumran Community.” Biblical Archaeologist 48 (1985): 89–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treves, Marco. “Date of the War of the Sons of Light.” Vetus Testamentum 8 (1958): 419–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trible, Phyllis. Texts of Terror: Literary-Feminist Readings of Biblical Narrative. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1984.Google Scholar
Troeltsch, Ernst. The Social Teaching of the Christian Churches. New York: Macmillan, 1949.Google Scholar
Tropper, Amram. “The Wicked Priest’s Day of Atonement Assault Revisited.” Zutot 15 (2018): 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tso, Marcus. “Ethics and Dualisms.” In T & T Clark Companion to the Dead Sea Scroll, edited by Hempel, Charlotte and Brooke, George J., 557–67. London: Bloomsbury, 2018.Google Scholar
Tzoref (Berrin), Shani. The Pesher Nahum Scroll from Qumran: An Exegetical Study of 4Q169. Leiden: Brill, 2004.Google Scholar
Tzoref (Berrin), Shani. “Qumran Pesharim.” In Biblical Interpretation at Qumran, edited by Henze, Matthias, 110–33. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2005.Google Scholar
Van der Woude, Adam, “Wicked Priest or Wicked Priests? Reflections on the Identification of the Wicked Priest in the Habakkuk Commentary.” Journal of Jewish Studies 33 (1982): 349–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VanderKam, James C. “The Common Ownership of Property in Essene Communities.” In “Go Out and Study the Land” (Judges 18:2): Archaeological, Historical and Textual Studies in Honor of Hanan Eshel, edited by Maeir, Aren M., Magness, Jodi, and Schiffman, Lawrence H., 259–75. Leiden: Brill, 2011.Google Scholar
VanderKam, James C. “The Pharisees and the Dead Sea Scrolls.” In In Quest of the Historical Pharisees, edited by Neusner, Jacob and Chilton, Bruce, 222–36. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2007.Google Scholar
VanderKam, James C. Textual and Historical Studies in the Book of Jubilees. Missoula, MT: Scholars Press, 1977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VanderKam, James C. “Those Who Look for Smooth Things, Pharisees, and Oral Law.” In Emanuel: Studies in Hebrew Bible, Septuagint, and Dead Sea Scrolls in Honor of Emanuel Tov, edited by Paul, Shalom, Kraft, Robert, Schiffman, Lawrence H., and Fields, Weston W., 465–77. Leiden: Brill, 2003.Google Scholar
VanderKam, James C. “The Wicked Priest Revisited.” In The “Other” in Second Temple Judaism: Essays in Honor of John J. Collins, edited by Harlow, Daniel C., Kaminsky, Joel S., Hogan, Karina, and Goff, Matthew J., 350–67. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2011.Google Scholar
Vanonen, Hanna. War Traditions from the Qumran Caves: Re-thinking Textual Stability and Fluidity in the War Text Manuscripts. Leiden: Brill, 2022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Ruiten, Jacques, and van Bekkum, Koert, eds. Violence in the Hebrew Bible: Between Text and Reception. Leiden: Brill, 2020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Von Rad, Gerhard. Holy War in Ancient Israel, translated by Dawn, Marva J.. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1991. Originally published 1951.Google Scholar
Verdery, Katherine. The Political Lives of Dead Bodies: Reburial and Postsocialist Change. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Vermes, Geza. Discovery in the Judean Desert. New York: Desclee, 1956.Google Scholar
Vermes, Geza. An Introduction to the Complete Dead Sea Scrolls. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Vermes, Geza. Scripture and Tradition in Judaism: Haggadic Studies. Leiden: Brill, 1961.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vermes, Geza, and Goodman, Martin. The Essenes According to the Classical Sources. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1989.Google Scholar
Volkan, Vamik D. “Bosnia-Herzegovina: Ancient Fuel of a Modern Inferno.” Mind and Human Interaction 7 (1996): 110–27.Google Scholar
Volkan, Vamik D. Psychoanalysis, International Relations, and Diplomacy: A Sourcebook on Large-Group Psychology. London: Karnac, 2014.Google Scholar
Vollhardt, Johanna Ray. “Collective Victimization.” In The Oxford Handbook of Intergroup Conflict, edited by Tropp, Linda R., 136–57. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Von Weissenberg, Hanne. 4QMMT: Reevaluating the Text, the Function and the Meaning of the Epilogue. Leiden: Brill, 2009.Google Scholar
Von Weissenberg, Hanne. “The Centrality of the Temple in 4QMMT.” In The Dead Sea Scrolls: Texts and Context, edited by Hempel, Charlotte, 293–308. Leiden: Brill, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vučetić, Radina. “Kosovo 1989: The (Ab)Use of the Kosovo Myth in Media and Popular Culture.” Comparative Southeast European Studies 69 (2021): 223–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waerne, Gareth. “4QMMT: A Letter to (Not from) the Yaḥad.” In Law, Literature, and Society in Legal Texts from Qumran: Papers from the Ninth Meeting of the International Organisation for Qumran Studies, Leuven 2016, edited by Jokiranta, Jutta and Zahn, Molly, 99–126. Leiden: Brill, 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wassen, Cecilia, and Jokiranta, Jutta. “Groups in Tension: Sectarianism in the Damascus Document and the Community Rule.” In Sectarianism in Early Judaism: Sociological Advances, edited by Chalcraft, David J., 205–45. London: Equinox, 2007.Google Scholar
Wasyliw, Patricia Healy. Martyrdom, Murder, and Magic: Child Saints and Their Cults in Medieval Europe. New York: Peter Lang, 2008.Google Scholar
Weber, Max. The Theory of Social and Economic Organizations, translated by Anderson, A. M. and Parsons, Talcott. New York: Free Press, 1947.Google Scholar
Weitzman, Steven. “Warring against Terror: The War Scroll and the Mobilization of Emotion.” Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman Period 40 (2009): 213–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wenthe, Dean. “The Use of Scripture in 1QM.” Dead Sea Discoveries 5 (1998): 290–319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wessinger, Catherine. How the Millennium Comes Violently: From Jonestown to Heaven’s Gate. New York: Seven Bridges Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Wessinger, Catherine. “Introduction: The Interacting Dynamics of Millennial Beliefs, Persecution, and Violence.” In Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases, edited by Wessinger, Catherine, 3–39. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Wessinger, Catherine. “Millennialism with and without the Mayhem.” In Millennium, Messiahs, and Mayhem: Contemporary Apocalyptic Movements, edited by Robbins, Thomas and Palmer, Susan J., 261–84. London: Routledge, 1997.Google Scholar
Wessinger, Catherine. “New Religious Movements and Violence.” In New and Alternative Religious Movements in America, Volume 1, History and Controversies, edited by Gallagher, Eugene V. and Ashcraft, W. Michael, 165–205. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2006.Google Scholar
Wessinger, Catherine, ed. Millennialism, Persecution, and Violence: Historical Cases. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
West, Louis. “Persuasive Techniques in Contemporary Cults: A Public Health Approach.” In Cults and New Religious Movements: A Report of the American Psychiatric Association, edited by Galanter, Marc, 167–92. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1989.Google Scholar
Williams, James. The Bible, Violence, and the Sacred: Liberation from the Myth of Sanctified Violence. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1991.Google Scholar
Williams, Travis B. History and Memory in the Dead Sea Scrolls: Remembering the Teacher of Righteousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, Hugh G. M. “The Day of the Lord in the Book of Isaiah and the Book of the Twelve.” In Isaiah and the Twelve Parallels, Similarities and Differences, edited by Bautch, Richard J., Eck, Joachim, and Zapff, Burkard M., 223−42. Berlin: de Gruter, 2020.Google Scholar
Wilson, Bryan R. Magic and the Millennium: A Sociological Study of Religious Movements of Protest among Tribal and Third-World Peoples. New York: Harper & Row, 1973.Google Scholar
Wilson, Bryan R. The Social Dimensions of Sectarianism: Sects and New Religious Movements in Contemporary Society. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wise, Michael O. “4QFlorilegium and the Temple of Adam.” Revue de Qumran 15 (1991): 103–32.Google Scholar
Wise, Michael O. The First Messiah: Investigating the Savior before Christ. New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 1999.Google Scholar
Wise, Michael O. “The Origins and History of the Teacher’s Movement.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Dead Sea Scrolls, edited by Collins, John J. and Lim, Timothy H., 92–122. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Wise, Michael O., Abegg, Martin, and Cook, Edward M.. The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1996, 1st ed. [2005, 2nd ed.].Google Scholar
Wright, Stuart A., ed. Armageddon in Waco: Critical Perspectives on the Branch Davidian Conflict. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Xeravits, Géza, ed. Dualism in Qumran. London: T & T Clark, 2010.Google Scholar
Xeravits, Géza, King, Priest, Prophet: Positive Eschatological Protagonists in the Qumran Library. Leiden: Brill, 2003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yadin, Yigael. Masada: Herod’s Fortress and the Zealot’s Last Stand. New York: Random House, 1966.Google Scholar
Yadin, Yigael. The Scroll of the War of the Sons of Light against the Sons of Darkness, translated by Rabin, Batya. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.Google Scholar
Yadin, Yigael. The Temple Scroll, 3 vols. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1983.Google Scholar
Yarbro Collins, Adela. Crisis and Catharsis: The Power of the Apocalypse. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1984.Google Scholar
Yarbro Collins, Adela. “Persecution and Vengeance in the Book of Revelation.” In Apocalypticism in the Mediterranean World and the Near East: Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Apocalypticism, Uppsala, August 12–17, 1979, edited by Hellholm, David, 729−49. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1983.Google Scholar
Yshai, Rony. “The Qumran Literature Related to the Eschatological War.” PhD dissertation, University of Haifa, 2006 (Hebrew).Google Scholar
Zerbe, Gordon. Non-retaliation in Early Jewish and New Testament Texts: Ethical Themes in Social Contexts. Sheffield: Sheffield University Press, 1993.Google Scholar

Accessibility standard: WCAG 2.2 AAA

The PDF of this book complies with version 2.2 of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), offering more comprehensive accessibility measures for a broad range of users and attains the highest (AAA) level of WCAG compliance, optimising the user experience by meeting the most extensive accessibility guidelines.

Content Navigation

Table of contents navigation
Allows you to navigate directly to chapters, sections, or non‐text items through a linked table of contents, reducing the need for extensive scrolling.
Index navigation
Provides an interactive index, letting you go straight to where a term or subject appears in the text without manual searching.

Reading Order & Textual Equivalents

Single logical reading order
You will encounter all content (including footnotes, captions, etc.) in a clear, sequential flow, making it easier to follow with assistive tools like screen readers.
Short alternative textual descriptions
You get concise descriptions (for images, charts, or media clips), ensuring you do not miss crucial information when visual or audio elements are not accessible.

Visual Accessibility

Use of colour is not sole means of conveying information
You will still understand key ideas or prompts without relying solely on colour, which is especially helpful if you have colour vision deficiencies.
Use of high contrast between text and background colour
You benefit from high‐contrast text, which improves legibility if you have low vision or if you are reading in less‐than‐ideal lighting conditions.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge-org.demo.remotlog.com is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Alex P. Jassen, New York University
  • Book: Violence, Power, and Society in the Dead Sea Scrolls
  • Online publication: 29 September 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009609128.009
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Alex P. Jassen, New York University
  • Book: Violence, Power, and Society in the Dead Sea Scrolls
  • Online publication: 29 September 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009609128.009
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Alex P. Jassen, New York University
  • Book: Violence, Power, and Society in the Dead Sea Scrolls
  • Online publication: 29 September 2025
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009609128.009
Available formats
×