Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-54dcc4c588-mz6gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-10-13T13:44:01.791Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 21 - Mental Health Prevention in Services for Children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 October 2025

Shermin Imran
Affiliation:
Greater Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
Get access

Summary

The concept of prevention in health and welfare has long been recognised as crucial, yet its practical implementation remains complex. This chapter delves into the significance of prevention as a fundamental principle in addressing societal challenges and individual health outcomes. With a focus on the links between adversity, societal issues and health burdens, the economic rationale for preventive measures becomes apparent. Recent attention has been drawn to prevention and early intervention, particularly in light of the long-term consequences of early adversity on physical and mental health. Government initiatives in the UK, such as the establishment of Health and Wellbeing Boards and emphasis on prevention in health services, underscore the growing importance of prevention strategies. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has further highlighted the need for proactive prevention measures in health and welfare policies. This chapter explores the meaning of prevention, theoretical considerations, practical clinical strategies and the role of senior health professionals in promoting prevention in children’s mental health services.

Information

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Book purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Marmot, M. Health Equity in England: The Marmot Review 10 Years On. BMJ. 2020 Feb 25;368.Google Scholar
HM Government. Government Response to Consultation on Transforming Children and Young People’s Mental Health. London: HM Government, 2018. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/728892/government-response-to-consultation-on-transforming-children-and-young-peoples-mental-health.pdf.Google Scholar
Department of Health. The NHS Long Term Plan. Department of Health, 2019. Available from: https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/.Google Scholar
Creswell, C. Editorial Perspective: Rapid responses to understand and address children and young people’s mental health in the context of COVID-19. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2022 May 4;64(1):209–11.Google Scholar
Bronfenbrenner, U. Ecological Systems Theory. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 1992.Google Scholar
NHS Scotland. Trauma Informed Practice : A Toolkit for Scotland. NHS Scotland, 2021.Google Scholar
Maslow, A. A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review. 1943;50:371. Available at: https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Maslow/motivation.htm.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, A, Donkin, A. Adverse Childhood Experiences. In Bush, M (ed.), Addressing Adversity. London: Young Minds and NHS Health Education England, 2018, 5880.Google Scholar
Gerhardt, S. Why Love Matters – How Affection Shapes a Baby’s Brain. London: Routledge, 2004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petruccelli, K, Davis, J, Berman, T. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Associated Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2019 Nov 1;97:104127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Felitti, VJ, Anda, RF, Nordenberg, D, Et al. Relationship of Childhood Abuse and Household Dysfunction to Many of the Leading Causes of Death in Adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 1998 May 1;14(4):245–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herzog, JI, Schmahl, C. Adverse Childhood Experiences and the Consequences on Neurobiological, Psychosocial, and Somatic Conditions Across the Lifespan. Front Psychiatry. 2018 Sep 4;9:420.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCrory, EJ, Viding, E. The Theory of Latent Vulnerability: Reconceptualizing the Link Between Childhood Maltreatment and Psychiatric Disorder. Development and Psychopathology. 2015 May;27(2):493505.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Department of Health. Prevention Is Better than Cure: Our Vision to Help You Live Well for Longer. Department of Health, 2018.Google Scholar
Siegel, DJ. The Developing Mind: Toward a Neurobiology of Interpersonal Experience. New York: Guilford Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Ogden, P, Minton, K, Pain, C. Trauma and the Body: A sensorimotor Approach to Psychotherapy. Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2006 Oct 17.Google Scholar
Neil, L, Viding, E, Armbruster‐Genc, D, et al. Trust and Childhood Maltreatment: Evidence of Bias in Appraisal of Unfamiliar Faces. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2022 Jun;63(6):655–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Matthews, T, Danese, A, Caspi, A, et al. Lonely Young Adults in Modern Britain: Findings from an Epidemiological Cohort Study. Psychological Medicine. 2019 Jan;49(2):268–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hanlon, P, McCallum, M, Jani, BD, McQueenie, R, Lee, D, Mair, FS. Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and the Prevalence and Complexity of Multimorbidity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 157,357 UK Biobank Participants. Journal of Comorbidity. 2020 Jul 31;10:2235042X10944344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Royal College of Psychiatrists. No Health Without Mental Health: The Case for Action. Position Statement PS4. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2010.Google Scholar
NHS Digital. Mental Health of Children and Young People in England 2021. Wave 2 Follow Up to the 2017 Survey. London: NHS Digital, 2021. Available from: https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/mental-health-of-children-and-young-people-in-england/2021-follow-up-to-the-2017-survey.Google Scholar
NICE. Public Health Guideline [PH40]. Social and Emotional Wellbeing: Early Years. 2012.Google Scholar
HM Government. Working Together to Safeguard Children. Statutory Framework: Legislation Relevant to Safeguarding and Promoting the Welfare of Children. London: HM Government, 2018.Google Scholar
Thompson, DR, Iachan, R, Overpeck, M, Ross, JG, Gross, LA. School Connectedness in the Health Behavior in School‐Aged Children Study: The Role of Student, School, and School Neighborhood Characteristics. Journal of School Health. 2006 Sep;76(7):379–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, JP. The Attachment System in Adolescence. In Cassidy, J, Shaver, PR (eds.), Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications. New York: The Guilford Press, 2008, 419–35.Google Scholar
Blackmore, S. Inventing Ourselves – The Secret Life of the Teenage Brain. London: Black Swan, 2018.Google Scholar
Laible, D. Attachment with Parents and Peers in Late Adolescence: Links with Emotional Competence and Social Behavior. Personality and Individual Differences. 2007 Oct 1;43(5):1185–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shelemy, L, Knightsmith, P. Building Resilient in the Face of Adversity. In: Bush, M (ed.), Addressing Adversity. London: Young Minds and NHS Health Education England, 2018, 99107.Google Scholar
Chester, C, Jones, DJ, Zalot, A, Sterrett, E. The Psychosocial Adjustment of African American Youth from Single Mother Homes: The Relative Contribution of Parents and Peers. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. 2007 Jul 17;36(3):356–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chein, J, Albert, D, O’Brien, L, Uckert, K, Steinberg, L. Peers Increase Adolescent Risk Taking by Enhancing Activity in the Brain’s Reward Circuitry. Developmental Science. 2011;14(2):F1F10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zeifman, D, Hazan, C. Pair Bonds As Attachments: Reevaluating the Evidence. In Cassidy, J, Shaver, PR (eds.), Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications. New York: The Guildford Press, 2008, 436–55.Google Scholar
Bugental, DB. Thriving in the Face of Early Adversity. Journal of Social Issues. 2004 Apr;60(1):219–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phares, V. Where’s Poppa? The Relative Lack of Attention to the Role of Fathers in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology. American Psychologist. 1992 May;47(5):656.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nolen-Hoeksema, S, Wolfson, A, Mumme, D, Guskin, K. Helplessness in Children of Depressed and Nondepressed Mothers. Developmental Psychology. 1995 May;31(3):377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons-Ruth, K, Wolfe, R, Lyubchik, A. Depression and the Parenting of Young Children: Making the Case for Early Preventive Mental Health Services. Harvard Review of Psychiatry. 2000 Jan 1;8(3):148–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenberg, MT. Attachment and Psychopathology in Childhood. In: Cassidy, J, Shaver, PR (eds.), Handbook of Attachment: Theory, Research, and Clinical Applications. New York: The Guildford Press, 1999, 469–96.Google Scholar
Seifer, R, Clark, GN, Sameroff, AJ. Positive Effects of Interaction Coaching on Infants with Developmental Disabilities and Their Mothers. American Journal on Mental Retardation. 1991 Jul;96(1):111.Google ScholarPubMed
Walsh, F. Strengthening Family Resilience. New York: The Guildford Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Gribble, PA, Cowen, EL, Wyman, PA, Work, WC, Wannon, M, Raoof, A. Parent and Child Views of Parent‐Child Relationship Qualities and Resilient Outcomes Among Urban Children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 1993 May;34(4):507–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Haan, L, Hawley, DR, Deal, JE. Operationalizing Family Resilience: A Methodological Strategy. American Journal of Family Therapy. 2002 Jul 1;30(4):275–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hawkins, JD, Catalano, RF, Kosterman, R, Abbott, R, Hill, KG. Preventing Adolescent Health-Risk Behaviors by Strengthening Protection During Childhood. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 1999 Mar 1;153(3):226–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Webster-Stratton, C. Bywater, T. The Incredible Years® Series: An Internationally Evidenced Multi-modal Approach to Enhancing Child Outcomes. In Fiese, B, Whisman, M Celano, M Deater-Deckard, K Jouriles, E (eds.), APA Handbook of Contemporary Family Psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2019, 343–59.Google Scholar
Sanders, MR, Kirby, JN, Tellegen, CL, Day, JJ. The Triple P-Positive Parenting Program: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of a Multi-level System of Parenting Support. Clinical Psychology Review, 2014;34(4):337–57.Google Scholar
Hughes, DA. Attachment Focused Parenting. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2009.Google Scholar
NICE guideline NG26. Children’s Attachment: Attachment in Children and Young People Who Are Adopted from Care, in Care or at High Risk of Going into Care. NICE, 2015. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng26.Google Scholar
Oxfordshire Safeguarding Children Partnership. Think Family. Oxford: Oxfordshire Safeguarding Children Partnership, 2025. Available from: https://www.oscp.org.uk/practitioners/multi-agency-procedures-and-resources/think-family/ (cited 28 April 2025).Google Scholar
McLaughlin, JA, Miller, P, Warwick, H. Deliberate Self-Harm in Adolescents: Hopelessness, Depression, Problems and Problem-Solving. Journal of Adolescence. 1996 Dec 1;19(6):523–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dori, GA, Overholser, JC. Depression, Hopelessness, and Self‐Esteem: Accounting for Suicidality in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior. 1999 Dec;29(4):309–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bolland, JM. Hopelessness and Risk Behaviour Among Adolescents Living in High-Poverty Inner-City Neighbourhoods. Journal of Adolescence. 2003 Apr 1;26(2):145–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacLeod, AK, Salaminiou, E. Reduced Positive Future-Thinking in Depression: Cognitive and Affective Factors. Cognition & Emotion. 2001 Jan 1;15(1):99107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwok, SY, Yeung, JW, Low, AY, Lo, HH, Tam, CH. The Roles of Emotional Competence and Social Problem-Solving in the Relationship Between Physical Abuse and Adolescent Suicidal Ideation in China. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2015 Jun 1;44:117–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Romans, SE, Martin, JL, Anderson, JC, O’Shea, ML, Mullen, PE. Factors That Mediate Between Child Sexual Abuse and Adult Psychological Outcome. Psychological Medicine. 1995 Jan;25(1):127–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
HM Government. The Children Act. London: HM Government, 2004. Available from: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/31/contents (cited 16 January 2023).Google Scholar
Department for Education. Working Together to Safeguard Children 2023. London: HM Government, February 2024. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/669e7501ab418ab055592a7b/Working_together_to_safeguard_children_2023.pdf.Google Scholar
McCann, JB, James, A, Wilson, S, Dunn, G. Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Young People in the Care System. BMJ. 1996 Dec 14;313(7071):1529–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Department of Health and Social Care. The Role of Health and Wellbeing Boards: Guidance. Department of Health and Social Care, 2022. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-and-wellbeing-boards-guidance/health-and-wellbeing-boards-guidance.Google Scholar

Accessibility standard: WCAG 2.0 A

The PDF of this book conforms to version 2.0 of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), ensuring core accessibility principles are addressed and meets the basic (A) level of WCAG compliance, addressing essential accessibility barriers.

Content Navigation

Table of contents navigation
Allows you to navigate directly to chapters, sections, or non‐text items through a linked table of contents, reducing the need for extensive scrolling.
Index navigation
Provides an interactive index, letting you go straight to where a term or subject appears in the text without manual searching.

Reading Order & Textual Equivalents

Single logical reading order
You will encounter all content (including footnotes, captions, etc.) in a clear, sequential flow, making it easier to follow with assistive tools like screen readers.
Short alternative textual descriptions
You get concise descriptions (for images, charts, or media clips), ensuring you do not miss crucial information when visual or audio elements are not accessible.
Full alternative textual descriptions
You get more than just short alt text: you have comprehensive text equivalents, transcripts, captions, or audio descriptions for substantial non‐text content, which is especially helpful for complex visuals or multimedia.

Visual Accessibility

Use of colour is not sole means of conveying information
You will still understand key ideas or prompts without relying solely on colour, which is especially helpful if you have colour vision deficiencies.

Structural and Technical Features

ARIA roles provided
You gain clarity from ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) roles and attributes, as they help assistive technologies interpret how each part of the content functions.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge-org.demo.remotlog.com is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×